Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Historical Perspective on the Identification of Substances in the Territorial Scent Marks of Male Klipspringer Antelope Oreotragus oreotragus

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 12

  • 1230 Accesses

Abstract

Antelopes are territorial, hoofed mammals inhabiting the savannahs of eastern and southern Africa. They are richly endowed with skin glands. The male klipspringer antelope, Oreotragus oreotragus (Zimmermann 1783) (Ungulata: Artiodactyla), has well-developed antorbital glands that are frequently used to mark prominent features within its territory. In this chapter I discuss my research on scent marking by male klipspringer in the 1960s and compare my results to those obtained more recently by studies that were able to apply more sophisticated analytical techniques. This comparison provides evidence (1) for the outstanding progress of analytics within the course of nearly three decades and (2) for the validity of the early results obtained in 1968.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ariga N (1972) Thin-layer chromatography of keto acid 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones. Anal Biochem 49:436–441

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Biemann K (1962) Mass spectrometry, applications to organic chemistry. Mc Graw Hill, New York, p 170

    Google Scholar 

  • Birch MC (ed) (1974) Pheromones. North Holland Publishing Co, Amsterdam/London. ISBN 07204–71338

    Google Scholar 

  • Brownlee RG, Silverstein RM (1968) A micro-preparative gas chromatograph and a modified carbon skeleton determinator. Anal Chem 40:2077–2079

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brownlee RG, Silverstein RM, Müller-Schwarze D, Singer AG (1969) Isolation, identification and function of the chief component of the male tarsal scent in black-tailed deer. Nature 221:284–285

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burger BV (2005) Mammalian semiochemicals. In: Schulz S (ed) Topics in current chemistry. Springer, Berlin. ISSN 0340–1022, 240:231–278

    Google Scholar 

  • Burger BV, Yang T-P, Le Roux M, Brandt WF, Cox AJ, Hart PE (1997) Mammalian exocrine secretions. XI. Constituents of the preorbital secretion of klipspringer, Oreotragus oreotragus. J Chem Ecol 23:2383–2400

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Claesson A, Silverstein RM (1977) Chemical methodology in the study of mammalian communications. In: Müller-Schwarze D, Mozell MM (eds) Chemical signals in vertebrates. Plenum Press, New York, pp 71–93

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Haynes KF, Millar JG (eds) (1999) Methods in chemical ecology. Bioassay methods. Chapman & Hall, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Hecker E (1955) 4′-Nitroazobenzol-4-Carbonsäure-4-chlorid als Reagenz auf Alkohole. Chem Ber 88:1666–1675

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hediger H (1949) Säugetier-Territorien und ihre Markierung. Bijdr Dierkd 28:171

    Google Scholar 

  • Hummel HE (1968) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Pheromone. Teil 1 und Teil 2. 124 Seiten. Dissertation, Universität Marburg

    Google Scholar 

  • Hummel HE, Hecker E (2012) Half a century of pheromones—their contributions to sustainable management of insect pests. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für allgemeine und ange-wandte Entomologie 18:451–460

    Google Scholar 

  • Hummel HE, Miller TA (eds) (1984) Techniques in pheromone research. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Karlson P, Lüscher M (1959) Pheromones. A new term for a class of biologically active substances. Nature 183:55–56

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Law JH, Regnier FE (1971) Pheromones. Annu Rev Biochem 40:533–548

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leemans FAJM, McCloskey JA (1967) Combination gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Am Oil Chem Soc 44:11–17

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McFadden WH (1967) Mass-spectrometric analysis of gas-chromatographic eluents. In: Giddings JC, Keller RA (eds) Advances in chromatography, vol 4. Marcel Dekker, New York, p 265

    Google Scholar 

  • Millar JG, Haynes KF (eds) (1998) Methods in chemical ecology. Kluwer, Norwell

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller-Schwarze D (1971) Pheromones in black-tailed deer. Anim Behav 19:141–152

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Müller-Schwarze D (2006) Chemical ecology of vertebrates. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Müller-Schwarze D, Mozell MM (1977) Chemical signals in vertebrates. Plenum Press, New York, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Müller-Schwarze D, Müller-Schwarze C, Singer AG, Silverstein RM (1974) Mammalian pheromone: identification of active component in the subauricular scent of the male pronghorn. Science 183:860–862

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mykytowicz R (1972) The behavioral role of mammalian skin glands. Naturwissenschaften 59:133–139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mykytowicz R (1973) Reproduction of mammals in relation to environmental odours. J Reprod Fertil 19:501–520

    Google Scholar 

  • Mykytowicz R (1974) Odour in the spacing behaviour of mammals. In: Birch MC (ed) Pheromones. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp 327–342

    Google Scholar 

  • Mykytowicz R, Hestermann ER, Gambale S, Dudzinski ML (1976) A comparison of the effectiveness of the odors of rabbits, Oryctalogus cuniculus, in enhancing territorial confidence. J Chem Ecol 2:13–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Organikum (1970) Trennungsverfahren, Wasserdampfdestillation. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin, p 60

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruzicka L (1926a) Zur Kenntnis des Kohlenstoffringes. I. Ãœber die Konstitution des Zibetons. Helv Chim Acta 9:230–248

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruzicka L (1926b) Zur Kenntnis des Kohlenstoffringes. VII. Ãœber die Konstitution des Muscons. Helv Chim Acta 9:715–729

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruzicka L (1926c) Zur Kenntnis des Kohlenstoffringes VIII. Weitere Beiträge zur Konstitution des Muscons. Helv Chim Acta 9:1008–1017

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryhage R (1964) Use of a mass spectrometer as a detector and analyzer for effluents emerging from high temperature gas–liquid chromatography columns. Anal Chem 36:759–764

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schaffer J (1940) Die Hautdrüsenorgane der Säugetiere. Urban und Schwarzenberg, Berlin, Wien

    Google Scholar 

  • Schomburg G (1966) Combined use of gas chromatography and spectroscopic methods. 4th Wilkens Gas Chromatography Symposium, Manchester, 25 May 1966. Notes

    Google Scholar 

  • Silverstein RM, Webster FX, Kiemle DJ (2005) Spectrometric identification of organic compounds, 7th edn. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Spiteller G (1966) Massenspektrometrische Strukturanalyse Organischer Verbindungen. Verlag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim, p 92

    Google Scholar 

  • Stahl E (ed) (1967) Dünnschicht-Chromatographie—Ein Laboratoriumshandbuch, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoddard DM (1974) The role of odor in the social biology of small mammals. In: Birch MC (ed) Pheromones. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp 297–315

    Google Scholar 

  • Walther FR (1964) Einige Verhaltensbeobachtungen an Thomsongazellen (Gazella thomsoni Günther, 1884) im Ngorongoro-krater. Z Tierpsychol 21:871–890

    Google Scholar 

  • Walther FR (1965) Verhaltensstudien an der Grantgazelle (Gazella granti Brooke, 1872) im Ngorongoro-krater. Z Tierpsychol 22:167–208

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wheeler JW (1977) Properties of compounds used as chemical signals. In: Mozell MM, Müller-Schwarze D (eds) Chemical signals in vertebrates. Plenum Press, New York, pp 61–70

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wyatt TD (2003) Pheromones and animal behaviour. Communication by smell and taste. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, specifically chapter 5

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Prof. P. Karlson as thesis advisor left enough freedom for development of chemical microtechniques and first crude bioassays with Oreotragus in the zoos of Frankfurt and Naples. Haarmann und Reimer, Holzminden, kindly provided standards of straight chain ketones and aldehydes. Prof. Dr. B. Grzimek, Zoo Frankfurt, and Director F. Cuneo, Zoo Naples, gave permission to perform behavioural bioassays on territorial marking with their animals. Schwarz Foundation supported the layout and critical completion of this manuscript by Dr. S. Schmid.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Organic Agriculture, Karl-Gloeckner-Str. 21 C, D-35394, Giessen, Germany

    Hans E. Hummel

  2. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Prairie Research Institute, 1816 S. Oak Street, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA

    Hans E. Hummel

Authors
  1. Hans E. Hummel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hans E. Hummel .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife R, Im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V, Berlin, 10252, Berlin, Germany

    Marion L East

  2. , Department of Reproduction Biology, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife R, Im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V, Berlin, 10252, Germany

    Martin Dehnhard

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hummel, H.E. (2013). A Historical Perspective on the Identification of Substances in the Territorial Scent Marks of Male Klipspringer Antelope Oreotragus oreotragus . In: East, M., Dehnhard, M. (eds) Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 12. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5927-9_15

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation