Abstract
Anaerobic digested sludge dewatering is very important in sludge management and disposal. In this study, flocculation and dewatering behaviour of anaerobic digested sludge were investigated using metal cations (sodium, magnesium, calcium, ferric and aluminium salts) and chitosan as dual conditioners. The trivalent ferric and aluminium ions were found to be more effective than the monovalent and divalent cations in improving sludge dewaterability as measured by capillary suction time (CST). Post-addition of chitosan into the sludge pre-coagulated with metal cations further enhanced the sludge dewaterability. This study suggests that pre-destabilisation of sludge by coagulation with metal cations followed by chitosan addition as polymeric flocculant may improve the dewaterability of anaerobic digested sludge.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
APHA (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21st edn. Washington, DC, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and Water Environment Federation.
Ayol, A. (2005). Enzymatic treatment effects on dewaterability of anaerobically digested biosolids-I: Performance evaluations. Process Biochemistry, 40(7), 2427–2434.
Chen, Y. G., Yang, H. Z., & Gu, G. W. (2001). Effect of acid and surfactant treatment on activated sludge dewatering and settling. Water Research, 35(11), 2615–2620.
Chitikela, S., & Dentel, S. K. (1998). Dual-chemical conditioning and dewatering of anaerobically digested biosolids: Laboratory evaluations. Water Environment Research, 70(5), 1062–1069.
CST Equipment Manual (1998). Essex: Triton Electronics Ltd.
Dentel, S. K. (2010). Chemical conditioning for solid-liquid separation processes. Drying Technology, 28(7), 843–849.
Fu, J., Jiang, B., & Cai, W. (2009). Effect of synthetic cationic surfactants on dewaterability and settleability of activated sludge. International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 37(1), 113–131.
Hogg, R. (1999). The role of polymer adsorption kinetics in flocculation. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 146, 253–263.
Mikkelsen, L. H., & Keiding, K. (2002). Physico-chemical characteristics of full scale sewage sludges with implications to dewatering. Water Research, 36, 2451–2462.
Ozkan, A., & Yekeler, M. (2004). Coagulation and flocculation characteristics of celestite with different inorganic salts and polymers. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 43(7), 873–879.
Pevere, A., Guibaud, G., van Hullebusch, E. D., Boughzala, W., & Lens, P. N. L. (2007). Effect of Na+ and Ca2+ on the aggregation properties of sieved anaerobic granular sludge. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 306, 142–149.
Renault, F., Sancey, B., Badot, P. M., & Crini, G. (2009). Chitosan for coagulation/flocculation processes—an eco-friendly approach. European Polymer Journal, 45(5), 1337–1348.
Rose, G. R. & ST. John, M. R. (2010). Encyclopedia of polymer science and technology. (2nd edn., Vol 7. pp. 211–233). Nalco Chemical Company.
Sanin, F. D., Vatansever, A., Turtin, I., Kara, F. & Durmaz, B. (2006). Operational conditions of activated sludge: Influence on flocculation and dewaterability. Drying Technology 24(10), 1297–1306.
Saveyn, H., Meersseman, S., Thas, O., & van der Meeren, P. (2005). Influence of polyelectrolyte characteristics on pressure-driven activated sludge dewatering. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 262, 40–51.
Spellman, F. R. (2003). Handbook of water and wastewater treatment plant operations. London: Lewis Publishers.
Turovskiy, I. S. & Mathai, P. K. (2006). Wastewater sludge processing. New Jersey: Wiley.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge Physics Department at Curtin Perth for the image analysis. Dominique Dodge-Wan proofreads this chapter.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lau, S.W., Chong, S.H., Ang, H.M., Sen, T.K., Chua, H.B. (2013). Dewaterability of Anaerobic Digested Sludge with Cations and Chitosan as Dual Conditioners. In: Pogaku, R., Bono, A., Chu, C. (eds) Developments in Sustainable Chemical and Bioprocess Technology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6208-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6208-8_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-6207-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-6208-8
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)