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Central Adaptation to Hypoxia

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Response and Adaptation to Hypoxia

Part of the book series: Clinical Physiology Series ((CLINPHY))

Abstract

It is well established that in anesthetized animals, in the absence of peripheral chemoreceptor stimulation, hypoxia produces a depression of breathing. Recently, there has been considerable interest in discerning the mechanisms responsible for the central depression of respiration during hypoxia. A basic issue that arises when considering the mechanisms responsible for hypoxic modulation of central respiratory output is whether respiratory neuronal activity is simply limited by substrate availability within the brain, or whether this depression represents an active inhibition of neuronal activity. Such inhibition could serve to minimize energy use during hypoxia by limiting motor activity as well as conserving high energy substrates that would be used normally to reestablish transmembrane ionic gradients dissipated during neuronal activity. Thus, neuronal inhibition might subserve a protective function by affording tolerance to hypoxic environments. This ability to “down-regulate” metabolic activity during hypoxia is a well-characterized phenomenon in many lower vertebrates, for example, the diving turtle (46), but may also be physiologically relevant in both unanesthetized neonatal and adult mammals.

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Authors
  1. Norman H. Edelman
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  2. Joseph E. Melton
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  3. Judith A. Neubauer
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Sukhamay Lahiri

  2. Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Neil S. Cherniack

  3. Departments of Environmental Health, Sciences and of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Robert S. Fitzgerald

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© 1991 American Physiological Society

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Edelman, N.H., Melton, J.E., Neubauer, J.A. (1991). Central Adaptation to Hypoxia. In: Lahiri, S., Cherniack, N.S., Fitzgerald, R.S. (eds) Response and Adaptation to Hypoxia. Clinical Physiology Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7574-3_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7574-3_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-7574-3

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