Skip to main content

Improved Parallel Optimal Choropleth Map Classification

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Modern Accelerator Technologies for Geographic Information Science

Abstract

In this chapter we introduce an improved parallel optimal choropleth map classification algorithm to support spatial analysis. This work contributes to the development of a Distributed Geospatial CyberInfrastructure and offers an implementation of the Fisher-Jenks optimal classification method suitable for multi-core desktop environments. We provide a description of both a single-core vectorized implementation and a parallelized implementation. Our results show that single core vectorization alone provides computational speedups compared to previous parallel implementations and that a combined, parallel and vectorized, implementation offers significant speed improvements.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • L. Anselin, Y. W. Kim, and I. Syabri. Web-based analytical tools for the exploration of spatial data. Journal of Geographical Systems, 6(2):197–218, June 2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M.P Armstrong and R. Marciano. Massively parallel processing of spatial statistics. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 9(2):169–189, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • M.P. Armstrong and R. Marciano. Local Interpolation Using a Distirbuted Parallel Supercomputer. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 10(6):713–729, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • M.P Armstrong, C.E. Pavlik, and R. Marciano. Parallel Processing of Spatial Statistics. Computers & Geosciences, 20(2):91–104, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  • C. A Brewer and L. Pickle. Evaluation of methods for classifying epidemiological data on choropleth maps in series. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 92(4):662–681, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • P.A. Burrough and R. McDonnell. Principles of geographical information systems. Oxford University Press, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • B.L. Buzbee. A Strategy for Vectorization. Parallel Computing, 3:187–192, 1986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J.C. Duque, R.L. Church, and R.S. Middleton. The p-Regions Problem. Geographical Analysis, 43(1):104–126, January 2011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M.J. Flynn. Some Computer Organizations and Their Effectiveness. IEEE Transactions on Computers, C-21(9):948–960, September 1972.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • D.A. Griffith. Supercomputing and Spatial Statistics: A Reconnaissance. The Professional Geographer, 42(4):481–492, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J. A. Hartigan. Partition by Exact Optimization. In Clustering Algorithms, chapter 6, pages 130–142. Wiley, New York, New York, USA, 1 edition, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • M.D. Hill and M.R. Marty. Amdahl s Law in the Multicore Era. Computer, 41(7):33–38, 2008.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Intel. Intel Hyper-Threading Technology. Technical Report January, Intel Corporation, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adam Jacobs. The pathologies of big data. Communications of the ACM, 256:1–12, 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  • T.E. Oliphant. Guide to NumPy. Provo, UT, March 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.J. Rey and L. Anselin. PySAL: A Python library of spatial analytical methods. In A. Fischer, M.M ; Getis, editor, Handbook of Applied Spatial Analysis, pages 175–193. Springer, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  • S.J. Rey, L. Anselin, R. Pahle, X. Kang, and P. Stephens. Parallel optimal choropleth map classification in pysal. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, pages 1–17, 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  • T. Slocum, R. McMaster, F. Kessler, and H. Howard. Thematic cartography and geovisualization. Prentice Hall., 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  • G. van Rossum and F.L. Drake. Python Reference Manual, 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Wang and M.P. Armstrong. A quadtree approach to domain decomposition for spatial interpolation in Grid computing environments. Parallel Computing, 29(10):1481–1504, October 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Wang and M.P. Armstrong. A theoretical approach to the use of cyberinfrastructure in geographical analysis. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 23(2):169–193, February 2009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • C. Yang, W. Li, J. Xie, and B. Zhou. Distributed geospatial information processing: sharing distributed geospatial resources to support Digital Earth. International Journal of Digital Earth, 1(3):259–278, September 2008.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • C. Yang and R. Raskin. Introduction to distributed geographic information processing research. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 23(5):553–560, May 2009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • C. Yang, R. Raskin, M. Goodchild, and M. Gahegan. Geospatial Cyberinfrastructure: Past, present and future. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 34(4):264–277, July 2010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • C. Yang, H. Wu, Q. Huang, Z. Li, and J. Li. Using spatial principles to optimize distributed computing for enabling the physical science discoveries. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(14):5498–503, April 2011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was funded in part by NSF Award OCI-1047916, SI2-SSI: CyberGIS Software Integration for Sustained Geospatial Innovation. We thank the anonymous referees and the editors for their constructive comments.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jason Laura .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Laura, J., Rey, S.J. (2013). Improved Parallel Optimal Choropleth Map Classification. In: Shi, X., Kindratenko, V., Yang, C. (eds) Modern Accelerator Technologies for Geographic Information Science. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8745-6_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8745-6_15

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-8744-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-8745-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics