Skip to main content

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Syphilis Infection in Women of Childbearing Age in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Chapter
AIDS and Women’s Reproductive Health

Part of the book series: Reproductive Biology ((RBIO))

Abstract

As the HIV/AIDS pandemic progresses, it is becoming apparent that heterosexual transmission represents the major mode of spread of HIV infection in most regions of the world, especially in Africa. The rapid spread of AIDS in Africa, therefore, indicates a high rate of heterosexual transmission. Possible factors contributing to the HIV epidemic in Africa include sexual behavior as influenced by pre-existing cultural attitudes and practices, ineffective disease control measures, or co-infection with other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Jaffe HW, Choi K, Thomas PA et al. National case-control study of Kaposi’s sarcoma and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men: part 1, epidemiologic results. Ann Intern Med 1983; 99:145–151.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Quinn TC, Glasser D, Cannon RO et al. Human immunodeficiency virus infection among patients attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases. New Engl J Med 1988; 318:197–203.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Simonson JN, Cameron DW, Gakinya et al. Human immunodeficiency virus infection among patients attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases. Experience from a center in Africa. J Med 1988; 319:274–8.5

    Google Scholar 

  4. Kreiss J, Caraee M, Meheus A. Role of sexually transmitted diseases in transmitting human immunodeficiency virus. Genitourin Med 1988; 64:1–2.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Pepin J,Plummer FA, Brunham RC et al. The interaction of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases: an opportunity for intervention. AIDS 1989; 3:3–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Mertens TE, Hayes RJ and Smith PG. Epidemiological methods to study the interaction between HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases. AIDS 1990; 4:57–65.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Van De Pene P, De Clercq A, Cogniaux-Leclerc J, Nzaramba D, Butzler J, Sprecher-Goldberger S. Detection of HIV p17 antigen in lymphocytes but not epithelial cells from cervicovaginal secretions of women seropositive for HIV: implications for heterosexual transmission of the virus. Genitourin Med 1988; 64:30–33.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Lukehart SA, Hook HI EW, Baker-Zander SA et al. Invasion of the central nervous system by Treponema pallidum: Implications for diagnosis and treatment. Annals Internal Medicine 1988; 109:855–62.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Cortes E, Detels R, Aboulafia D et al. HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV-1 infection in high-risk groups in Brazil. New Engl J Med 1989; 320:953–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Naeye RL and Tafani N. Risk Factors in Pregnancy and Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn. Baltimore: William and Wilkins, 1983, pp. 125–128.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Central Statistical Authority. Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia, 1984. Analytical Report on Results for Addis Abba, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hoff R, Berardi VP, Weiblen BJ et al. Seroprevalence of human immunoeficiency virus among childbearing women. Estimates by testing samples of blood from newborns. New Engl J Med 1988; 318:525–30.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 1982. MMWR 1982; 31(suppl):33S–62S.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Landis JR and Koch GG. The measurement of observers agreement for categorical data. Biometrica 1977; 35:159–173.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Widy-Wirski R, Berkley S, Downing R et al. Evaluation of the WHO case definition for AIDS in Uganda. JAMA 1988; 260:3286–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Brown ST, Zacarias FRK, Aral SO. STD control in less developed countries: The time is now. Inter J Epidemiol 1985; 14:505–509.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Zewdie, D., Tafari, N. (1991). Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Syphilis Infection in Women of Childbearing Age in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In: Chen, L.C., Amor, J.S., Segal, S.J., Anderson, J.M. (eds) AIDS and Women’s Reproductive Health. Reproductive Biology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3354-2_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3354-2_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6479-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-3354-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics