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Intraovarian Regulation of Granulosa-Cell Replication

  • Chapter
Intraovarian Control Mechanisms

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 147))

Abstract

From the reinitiation of growth by primordial follicles until terminal differentiation (luteinization), the number of granulosa cells per follicle may increase from approximately 50 (Lintern-Moore et al., 1974) to more than 5 × 107 (McNatty et al., 1979) in the human. Although estimates of cell number vary among species and observers, granulosa cell replication is unquestionably a dominant feature of ovarian physiology. The earliest phase of follicular growth occurs in fetal or immature animals, during seasonal diapause, during pregnancy, and after hypophysectomy (Review, Richards, 1980) with no apparent relationship to the hormonal milieu. Although a case can be made fo a permissive role of hormones during this phase of follicular growth (Ross and Schreiber, 1978), the proximate regulators of this process must be chemical messages generated within the ovary. After antrum formation, there is a further 100- to 1000-fold increase in granulosa cell number per follicle (McNatty et al., 1979). During this period, FSH and estradiol cause a synergistic enhancement of granulosa cell multiplication in vivo (Rao et al., 1978). In addition, both estradiol and FSH (McNatty and Sawers, 1975; Thanki and Channing, 1976, 1978) have previously been found to be mitogenic for cultured granulosa cells.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Deparment of Medicine, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA

    James M. Hammond, Johannes D. Veldhuis, Thomas W. Seale & Matthew M. Rechler

  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma School of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73190, USA

    Thomas W. Seale

  3. Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, NIAMDD, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20014, USA

    Matthew M. Rechler

Authors
  1. James M. Hammond
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  2. Johannes D. Veldhuis
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  3. Thomas W. Seale
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  4. Matthew M. Rechler
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Cornelia P. Channing

  2. Population Division, The Rockefeller Foundation, New York, New York, USA

    Sheldon J. Segal

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© 1982 Plenum Press, New York

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Hammond, J.M., Veldhuis, J.D., Seale, T.W., Rechler, M.M. (1982). Intraovarian Regulation of Granulosa-Cell Replication. In: Channing, C.P., Segal, S.J. (eds) Intraovarian Control Mechanisms. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 147. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9278-5_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9278-5_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-9280-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-9278-5

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