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Actions of Insecticides in Mammalian Central Nervous System — Use of in Vivo Hippocampal Evoked Potentials

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Insecticide Action

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Abstract

The dentate gyrus of intact, urethane-anesthetized rats was employed to evaluate the effects of different pesticide agents on granule excitability. Compounds such as the convulsants pentylenetetrazol, picrotoxin, bicuculline, and the anticonvulsant agent diazepam were also examined for comparison purposes. The data demonstrates that picrotoxin, pentylenetetrazol, bicuculline, the cyclodiene insecticide dieldrin, and the hexachlorocyclohexane (ITCH) insecticide lindane (gamma-HCH) all increased granule cell excitability and decreased GABAA-mediated recurrent early inhibition. A small decrease in recurrent inhibition was seen with the beta-HCH isomer without altering granule cell excitability. By comparison, the delta-HCH isomer was associated with an increase in recurrent inhibition and a small decrease in granule cell excitability. Diazepam greatly increased recurrent inhibition and resulted in a small decrease in granule cell excitability. Both allethrin (a prototype type I pyrethroid) and deltamethrin (a prototype type II pyrethroid) greatly increased recurrent inhibition. Analysis indicated that the pyrethroid-induced effects were primarily associated with an increase in interneuronally mediated inhibition. Deltamethrin moderately reduced granule cell excitability. These effects are unlikely to be related to direct GABAA agonism but may be secondary to an increase in tonic inhibition evoked by the same mechanisms responsible for the increase in phasic inhibition. Together these studies offer an in vivo mammalian model to study pesticide mechanisms of action and allow a comparison to proposed mechanisms established from in vitro studies.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    T. E. Albertson

  2. Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    R. M. Joy

Authors
  1. T. E. Albertson
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  2. R. M. Joy
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Toshio Narahashi

  2. Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA

    Janice E. Chambers

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© 1989 Plenum Press, New York

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Albertson, T.E., Joy, R.M. (1989). Actions of Insecticides in Mammalian Central Nervous System — Use of in Vivo Hippocampal Evoked Potentials. In: Narahashi, T., Chambers, J.E. (eds) Insecticide Action. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1324-3_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1324-3_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-1326-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-1324-3

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