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Membrane Phospholipid Metabolism and Transmitters

  • Chapter
Receptor-Receptor Interactions

Part of the book series: Wenner-Gren Center International Symposium Series ((WGCISS))

Abstract

Many neurotransmitters are now known to act by using a ubiquitous signal transduction mechanism based on the hydrolysis of a unique lipid (Downes, 1983; Nahorski et al, 1986). The lipid in question is phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns4,5P2) located within the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane where it is stored as a precursor to be used by the receptor mechanism to generate second messengers (Downes & Michell, 1985; Berridge, 1984; Berridge & Irvine, 1984). The transmitters known to operate through this inositol lipid mechanism include acetylcholine (muscarinic), norepinephrine (α1), histamine (H1), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT2) vasopressin (V1), substance P, bradykinin, neurotensin and glutamate. Upon binding its appropriate transmitter, the receptor operates through a GTP-binding protein (Gp) which activates a phosphoinositidase to cleave Ptdlns4,5P2 at its phosphodiester bond to release inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins1,4,5P3) which diffuses into the cytosol leaving diacylglycerol (DG) behind in the membrane. This hydrolysis of PtdIns4,5P2 is a key event in signal transduction because both products give rise to second messengers and thus represents a bifurcation in the signal pathway. The DG functions by stimulating protein kinase C (C-kinase) (Nishizuka, 1986) whereas Ins1,4,5P3 mobilizes calcium (Berridge, 1984; Berridge & Irvine, 1984).

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  1. M. J. Berridge
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  1. Department of Histology, Karolinska Institutet, Box 60400, 104 01, Stockholm, Sweden

    Kjell Fuxe

  2. Department of Human Physiology, University of Modena, Via Campi 287, 411 00, Modena, Italy

    Luigi F. Agnati

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Berridge, M.J. (1987). Membrane Phospholipid Metabolism and Transmitters. In: Fuxe, K., Agnati, L.F. (eds) Receptor-Receptor Interactions. Wenner-Gren Center International Symposium Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5415-4_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5415-4_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5417-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5415-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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