Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate

  • Chapter
Principles and Practice of Geriatric Surgery

  • 312 Accesses

Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer are two of the most common neoplastic growths that occur in elderly men. Both of these conditions are rare before age 50 years, but by age 80 more than 80% of men have evidence of BP hyperplasia histology and more than 50% have at least microscopic foci of prostate cancer.1,2 This chapter reviews the incidence of these two diseases of the prostate, the appropriate evaluation of elderly men, surgical alternatives available to the geriatric patient, and the risks associated with these treatment alternatives.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Berry SJ, Coffey DS, Walsh PC, Ewing LL. The development of human benign prostatic hyperplasia with age. J Urol 1984;132:474.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Gaynor ER Zur frage des prostatakrebes. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat 1938;301:602–652.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Arrighi HM, Guess HA, Metter EJ, et al. Symptoms and signs of prostatism as risk factors for prostatectomy. Prostate 1990;16:253.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Stanford JL, Stephenson RA, Coyle LM, et al. Prostate cancer trends 1973–1995, SEER program, NIH Pub No. 99–4543. Bethesda: National Cancer Institute, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Greenlee RT, Murray T, Bolden S, Wingo PA. Cancer statistics, 1999. CA Cancer J Clin 2000;50:7–33.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Edwards CN, Steinthorsson E, Nicholson D. An autopsy study of latent prostatic cancer. Cancer 1953;32:498–506.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Halpert B, Sheehan EE, Schmalhorst WR, Scott R. Carcinoma of the prostate: a survey of 5000 autopsies. Cancer 1963;16:737–742.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Shimizu H, Ross RK, Bernstein L, Yatani R, Henderson BE, Mack TM. Cancers of the prostate and breast among Japanese and white immigrants in Los Angeles County. Br J Cancer 1991;63:963–966.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Yatani R, Chigusa I, Akazaki K, Stemmermann GN, Welsh RA. Geographic pathology of latent prostatic carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1982;29:611–616.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Smith JR, Freije D, Carpten JD, et al. Major susceptibility locus for prostate cancer on chromosome 1 suggested by a genome-wide search. Science 1996;274:1371–1374.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Steinberg GS, Carter BS, Beaty TH, Childs B, Walsh PC. Family history and the risk of prostate cancer. Prostate 1990;17:337–340.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. McNeal JE. Origin and evolution of benign prostatic enlargement. Invest Urol 1978;15:340.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Caine M, Schuger L. The “Capsule” in Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy. NIH Publ No. 87–2881. Bethesda: US Department of Health and Human Services, 1987:221.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Byar DP, Mostofi FK. Veterans Administration Cooperative Urologic Research Groups: carcinoma of the prostate: prognostic evaluation of certain pathologic features in 208 radical prostatectomies. Cancer 1972;30:5–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. McNeal JE. Cancer volume and site of origin of adenocarcinoma of the prostate: relationship to local and distant spread. Hum Pathol 1992;23:258–266.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Gleason DF, Mellinger GT. Veterans Administration Cooperative Urological Research Group: prediction of prognosis for prostatic adenocarcinoma by combined histologic grading and clinical staging. J Urol 1974;111:58–64.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. McConnell JD, Barry MJ, Bruskewitz RC, et al. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Diagnosis and Treatment. Clinical Practice Guideline Number 8. AHCPR Publ No. 94–0582. Rockville, MD: Agency for Health Care Policy & Research, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Mebust WK, Holtgrewe HL, Cockette ATK, Peters PC, Writing Committee. Transurethral prostatectomy: immediate and postoperative complications: a cooperative study of 13 participating institutions evaluating 3885 patients. J Urol 1989;141:243–247.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Melchoir J, Valk WL, Foret JD, Mebust MK. Transurethral prostatectomy in the azotemic patient. J Urol 1974;112: 643–646.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Gilliland F, Becker TM, Smith A, et al. Trends in prostate cancer incidence and mortality in New Mexico are consistent with an increase in effective screening. Cancer Epidemiol Biol Prev 1994;3:105–111.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Ellis WJ, Chetner MP, Preston SD, Brawer MK. Diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma: the yield of serum prostate specific antigen, digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography. J Urol 1994;52:1520–1525.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Oesterling JE, Jacobsen SJ, Chute CG, et al. Serum prostate-specific antigen in a community-based population of healthy men: establishment of age-specific reference ranges. JAMA 1993;270:860–864.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Benson MC, Whang IS, Olsson CA, et al. Use of prostate specific antigen density to enhance predictive value of intermediate levels of serum prostate specific antigen. J Urol 1992;147:817–821.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Carter HB, Pearson JD, Metter JE, et al. Longitudinal evaluation of prostate specific antigen levels in men with and without prostate disease. JAMA 1992;267:2215–2220.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Catalona WJ, Simth DS, Wolfert RL, et al. Evaluation of percentage of free serum prostate-specific antigen to improve specificity of prostate cancer screening. JAMA 1995;274: 1214–1220.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Albertsen PC, Hanley JA, Harlan JC, et al. The positive yield of imaging studies in the evaluation of men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer: a population-based analysis. J Urology 2000;163:1138–1143.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, Basler JW. Detection of organ-confined prostate cancer is increased through prostate-specific antigen-based testing. JAMA 1993;270: 948–954.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Wasson JH, Reda DJ, Bruskewitz RC, et al. A comparison of transurethral surgery with watchful waiting for moderate symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 1995;332:75–79.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Johansson JE, Homberg L, Johansson S, Bergstrom R, Adami HO. Fifteen year survival in prostate cancer: a prospective, population-based study in Sweden. JAMA 1997;277: 467–471.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Chodak GW, Thisted RA, Gerber GS, et al. Results of conservative management of clinically localized prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 1994;330:242–248.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Albertsen PC, Fryback DG, Storer BE, Kolon TF, Fine J. Long term survival among men with conservatively treated localized prostate cancer. JAMA 1995;274:626–631.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Albertsen PC, Hanley JA, Gleason DF, Barry MJ. Competing risk analysis of men aged 55 to 74 years at diagnosis managed conservatively for clinically localized prostate cancer. JAMA 1998;280:975–980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Albertsen PC, Fryback DG, Storer BE, Kolon TF, Fine J. The impact of co-morbidity on life expectancy among men with localized prostate cancer. J Urol 1996;156:127–132.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Lu-Yao GL, Albertsen PC, Warren J, Yao SL. Effect of age and surgical approach on complications and short-term mortality after radical prostatectomy: a population-based study Urology 1999;54:301–307.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Young HH. The early diagnosis and radical cure of carcinoma of the prostate: being a study of 40 cases and presentation of a radical operation which was carried out in four cases. Johns Hopkins Hosp Bull 1905;16:315–321.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Fowler FJ, Barry MJ, Lu-Yao G, et al. Patient-reported complications and follow-up treatment after radical prostatectomy. J Urol 1993;149:622–629.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Eastham JA, Kattan MW, Rogers E, et al. Risk factors for urinary incontinence after radical retropubic prostatectomy. J Urol 1996;156:1707–1713.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Quinlan DM, Epstein JI, Carter BS, Walsh PC. Sexual function following radical prostatectomy: influence of reservation of neurovascular bundles. J Urol 1991;145:998–1002.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Murphy GP, Mettlin C, Menck H, et al. National patterns of prostate cancer treatment by radical prostatectomy: results of a survey by the American College of Surgeons Committee on Cancer. J Urol 1994;152:1817–1819.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Peter C. Albertsen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA

    Ronnie A. Rosenthal MD (Associate Professor, Chief, Surgical Service) (Associate Professor, Chief, Surgical Service)

  2. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, 06516, CT, USA

    Ronnie A. Rosenthal MD (Associate Professor, Chief, Surgical Service) (Associate Professor, Chief, Surgical Service)

  3. Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, 10461, NY, USA

    Michael E. Zenilman MD (Associate Professor and Vice-Chairman, Chief of Surgery) (Associate Professor and Vice-Chairman, Chief of Surgery)

  4. Jack D. Weiler Hospital of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, 10461, NY, USA

    Michael E. Zenilman MD (Associate Professor and Vice-Chairman, Chief of Surgery) (Associate Professor and Vice-Chairman, Chief of Surgery)

  5. Wyoming Valley Surgical Associates, Kingston, 18704, PA, USA

    Mark R. Katlic M.D. (Chief of Thoracic Surgery) (Chief of Thoracic Surgery)

  6. Wyoming Valley Healthcare System, Wilkes-Barre, 18702, PA, USA

    Mark R. Katlic M.D. (Chief of Thoracic Surgery) (Chief of Thoracic Surgery)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Albertsen, P.C. (2001). Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate. In: Rosenthal, R.A., Zenilman, M.E., Katlic, M.R. (eds) Principles and Practice of Geriatric Surgery. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3432-4_57

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3432-4_57

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-3434-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-3432-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation