Abstract
Measurements at cryogenic temperatures are more complicated since they are performed in cryostats. Low temperatures can be achieved by bath cooling with liquid helium (LHe), liquid hydrogen (LH2) or liquid nitrogen (LN2) at fixed temperature levels or by evaporation cooling of the sample chamber at a selected temperature which can be kept constant. The primary cooling in many cases can be done quickly by bath cooling.
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General References
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© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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Hartwig, G. (1994). Cryogenic Measuring Methods. In: Polymer Properties at Room and Cryogenic Temperatures. The International Cryogenics Monograph Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6213-6_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6213-6_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-3244-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-6213-6
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