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Thiamine Deficiency as a Model of Selective Neurodegeneration with Chronic Oxidative Deficits

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Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Abstract

Experimental thiamine deficiency is a classical model of the molecular changes that underlie the clinical syndrome referred to variously as delirium, acute confusional state1,2,3,4 or metabolic encephalopathy5. This syndrome is characterized by decreased attention and cognition, alertness, orientation and grasp, memory, affect and perception. A wide variety of systemic disorders lead to the development of the syndrome including hypoxia, ischemia, hypoglycemia, some diseases of peripheral organs, ionic imbalance, poisoning, dysfunction of temperature regulation, infection or inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, primary neuronal and glial disorders, acute delirious states (sedative drug withdrawal, drug intoxication, postoperative delirium, intensive care unit delirium), and vitamin and nutritional deficiencies (e.g. thiamine deficiency). Despite the varied etiology, the diverse insults that lead to delirium may act by common metabolic and cellular pathways, as suggested by results from studies of aging and hypoxia.6,7,8

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Burke Medical Research Institute, Cornell University Medical College, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA

    Noel Y. Calingasan, Kwan-Fu Rex Sheu, Harriet Baker & Gary E. Gibson

  2. Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Samuel E. Gandy

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  1. Noel Y. Calingasan
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  2. Kwan-Fu Rex Sheu
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  4. Samuel E. Gandy
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  5. Gary E. Gibson
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  1. The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA

    Gary Fiskum

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Calingasan, N.Y., Sheu, KF.R., Baker, H., Gandy, S.E., Gibson, G.E. (1996). Thiamine Deficiency as a Model of Selective Neurodegeneration with Chronic Oxidative Deficits. In: Fiskum, G. (eds) Neurodegenerative Diseases. GWUMC Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Annual Spring Symposia. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0209-2_25

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0209-2_25

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