Skip to main content

Methods and Research Design

  • Chapter
Life and Death at Work

Part of the book series: Plenum Studies in Work and Industry ((SSWI))

  • 269 Accesses

Abstract

In the previous chapter, it was theorized that industrial accidents are produced at three levels of social reality—rewards, command, and organization—and at the nonsocial individual member level. At each social level employers and workers struggle for control and enter into agreement over the management of relationships to work, and as a consequence, goods and services as well as accidents are produced.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Notes

  1. A. Schutz. 1967. The Phenomenology of the Social World. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  2. D. R. Kouabenan. 1985. L’analyse des attributions causales des accidents. Le Travail Humain 48 (1): 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  3. N. Denzin. 1970. The Research Act. Chicago: Aldine.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Schutz, 1967, p. 224.

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. Schutz. 1979. Fenomenologia e Relacoes Sociais, p. 311. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar (compiled by H. R. Wagner).

    Google Scholar 

  6. T. Dwyer. 1981 Hit and miss. Industrial Relations Review (New Zealand) 1 (6): 24–30.

    Google Scholar 

  7. J.-M. Faverge. 1967. Psychosociologie des Accidents du Travail, pp. 51–52. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. G. Deveze. 1979. Representation du risque. Revue Médicale Miniére special issue: 29–39 (p. 37 ).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Schutz, 1967, p. 231. My interpretation of the notions of causal and meaning adequacy is one of the earliest reflections in this book. Throughout the course of 1990 my research was directed at producing a sociological basis for limited interdisciplinary dialogues in the area of work studies. This research examines relationships between engineering, medicine, psychology, ergonomics, and sociology. It has brought about modifications in my understanding of the contribution that phenomenology in general, and Schutz’s writings in particular, can make to interdisciplinary dialogues.

    Google Scholar 

  9. M. Crozier. 1981. Comparing structures and comparing games, in C. Lemert (ed.), French Sociology-Rupture and Renewal since 1968, pp. 97–110. New York: Columbia University Press. (Originally published in English in 1976.)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Dwyer. T. 1978. Une Conception Sociologique des Accidents du Travail. Paris: L’Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (PhD thesis).

    Google Scholar 

  11. P. Beaumont. 1980. An analysis of the problem of industrial accidents in Great Britain. International Journal of Manpower 1(1):28–32, quotes the Chief Inspector of Factories estimate of a 15–25 percent rate of underreporting in Britain. J. B. Gordon, A. Ackman, and M. L. Brooks. 1971. Industrial Safety Statistics: A Re-examination,p. 10. New York: Praeger. Gordon et al. estimate underreporting at 90 percent if a “more meaningful measure of the relative hazardousness of employment were adopted.” C. Gersuny. 1981. Work Hazards and Industrial Conflict. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, discusses the employers’ “Chicopee method” of reducing accident report rates.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Deveze, 1979, p. 37; the author relates that workers who describe dangerous acts do so by questioning work organization, while experts refer to the imprudence or shortcomings of workers.

    Google Scholar 

  13. F. Dubet, O. Cousin, and J.-P. Guillemet. 1989. Mobilisation des etablissements et performances scolaires. Revue Française de Sociologie 30:235–256. S. Barley. 1986. Technology as an occasion for structuring: Evidence from the observation of C.T. scanners and the social order of radiology departments. Administrative Science Quarterly 31: 78108.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Denzin, 1970, pp. 149ff.

    Google Scholar 

  15. D. Nelson. 1984. Le taylorisme dans l’industrie Americaine, 1900–1930, in M. de Montmillion and O. Pastre (eds.), Le Taylorisme, pp. 51–66. Paris: Decouverte.

    Google Scholar 

  16. J. Wrench and G. Lee. 1982. Piecework and industrial accidents: Two contemporary case studies. Sociology 16(4): 512–525 (p. 514 ).

    Google Scholar 

  17. E. L. Trist, G. I. Susman, and G. R. Brown. 1977. An experiment in autonomous working in an American underground coal mine. Human Relations 30 (3): 210–236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. M. J. Smith, M. J. Colligan, I. J. Frockt, and D. J. Tasto. 1979. Occupational injury rates among nurses as a function of shift schedule. Journal of Safety Research 11(4): 181–187 (p. 181 ).

    Google Scholar 

  19. P. Andlauer and B. Metz. 1953. Variations nyctemerales de la frequence horaire des accidents du travail. Archives des Maladies Professionelles, de Médécine du Travail et de Sécurité Sociale 14 (6): 613.

    Google Scholar 

  20. J. M. Hill and E. L. Trist. 1955. Changes in accidents and other absences with length of service. Human Relations 8 (May): 121–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. A. Touraine. 1972. An historical study of the evolution of industrial skills, in L. Davis and J. C. Taylor (eds.), Design of Jobs, pp. 52–61. Harmondsworth: Penguin. (Originally published in English in 1962.)

    Google Scholar 

  22. D. McGregor. 1960. The Human Side of Enterprise. New York: McGraw-Hill. A. L. Friedman. 1977. Industry and Labour, chaps. 7 and 8. London and Basingstoke: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  23. A. Salpukas. 1990. Difficulties at Eastern traced to pressure to avoid delays. New York Times, July 31, pp. Alff. The degree of popularity of these notions, and the linkage to the production of danger were discussed recently in this article. Eastern Airlines officials had been indicted on various charges of allowing false maintenance reports to be issued, which placed the public at risk. A pilot is quoted as seeing the risk as linked to the installation of a “carrot-and-stick approach”. For example, a “manager of maintenance at Kennedy [airport] who met the company’s goals for getting airplanes out on time would get extra money. If the supervisors and managers failed… they would face enormous pressure from above, including threat of transfer.”

    Google Scholar 

  24. H. S. Shannon. 1980. Differences between lost-time and non-lost-time industrial accidents: Journal of Occupational Accidents 2: 256–272 (p. 272 ).

    Google Scholar 

  25. In New Zealand companies pay the first week’s compensation to workers, after which period the state run accident compensation scheme becomes responsible.

    Google Scholar 

  26. W. Baldamus. 1979. Alienation, anomie and industrial accidents, in M. Wilson (ed.), Social and Educational Research in Action, pp. 104–140. London: Longman and Open University Press. J. M. Hill and E. L. Trist. 1953. Industrial accidents as a means of withdrawal from work situations. Human Relations 6: 357–380.

    Google Scholar 

  27. T. Nichols. 1975. The sociology of accidents and the social production of industrial injury, in G. Esland et al. (eds.), People and Work, pp. 217–229 (p. 221 ). Edinburgh and Milton Keynes: Holmes McDougal and Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Dwyer, T. (1991). Methods and Research Design. In: Life and Death at Work. Plenum Studies in Work and Industry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0606-9_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0606-9_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0608-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0606-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics