Summary
One of two versions of the equilibrium-point hypothesis is used to provide a qualitative explanation for the control of fast one-joint movements. It is suggested that discrete unidirectional movements are produced by a rapid gradual shift in an equilibrium point to a final position, in combination with another gradual command which produces agonist-antagonist coactivation and ensures the stiffness of the joint. The monotonie central commands and the reflex effects occurring in the course of movement give rise to the characteristic three-burst pattern, as is qualitatively illustrated using the concept of muscle activation area. This form of central command also makes it possible to explain the observable correlation between the duration of the first agonist burst and movement amplitude. Two predictions of the model are experimentally corroborated in the present study: (1) movement trajectories with terminal oscillations can be transformed into aperiodic trajectories by means of transitory perturbations; (2) the onset time, magnitude and duration of the first agonist burst are reflex-dependent. The results are consistent with the assumption that neither the form of movement trajectory nor the form of EMG bursts (time periods and amplitudes) are centrally programmed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abdusamatov, R. M., and Feldman, A. G., 1986, Description of electromyograms by a mathematical model of single joint movements. Biofizika. 31, 503–505 (in Russian).
Abdusamatov, R. M., Adamovich, S. V., and Feldman, A. G. A model for one-joint motor control in man (in press).
Adamovich, S. V., Burlachkova, N. I., and Feldman, A. G., 1984, On the central wave nature of time-angle trajectory formation in man. Biofizika, 29, 122–125.
Berardelli, A., Rothwell, J. C., Day, B. L., Kachi, T., and Marsden, C. D., 1984, Duration of the first agonist EMG burst in ballistic arm movements. Brain Research. 304, 183–187.
Bizzi, E., 1980, Central and peripheral mechanisms in motor control. in: G. E. Stelmach and J. Requin, eds. Tutorials in Motor Behavior. North-Holland: Amsterdam, pp. 131–144.
Bizzi, E., Accornero, N., Chappie, W., and Hogan, N., 1982, Arm trajectory formation in monkeys. Exp. Brain Research, 46,139–143.
Brown, S. H., and Cooke, J. D., 1984, Initial agonist burst duration depends on movement amplitude. Exp. Brain Research, 55, 523–527.
Brown, S.H., and Cooke, J. D., 1986, Initial agonist burst is modified by perturbations preceeding movement. Brain Res., 377, 311–322.
Crago, P. E., Houk, J. C., and Hasan, Z., 1976, Regulatory actions of human stretch reflex. J. Neurophysiol., 39, 925–935.
Day, B. L., Rothwell, J. C., and Marsden, C. D., 1983, Interaction between the long-latency stretch reflex and voluntary electromyographic activity prior to a rapid voluntary motor reaction. Brain Res., 270, 55–62.
Feldman, A. G., 1966, Functional tuning of the nervous system with control of movement or maintenance of a steady posture. II. Controllable parameters of the muscle. Biophysics, 11, 565–578.
Feldman, A. G., 1974, Control of the length of a muscle. Biophysics. 19, 771–776.
Feldman, A. G., 1980, Superposition of motor programs. I. Rhythmic forearm movements in man. Neuroscience. 5, 81–90.
Feldman, A. G., 1986, Once more on the equilibrium point hypothesis (8-model) for motor control. Journal of Motor Behavior, 18, 17–54.
Gasser, H.S., and Hill, A. V., 1924, The dynamics of muscular contraction. Proc. of Rov. Soc. of Lond., B96, 398–437.
Ghez, C., and Martin, J.H., 1982, The control of rapid limb movement in the cat. Exp. Brain Research. 45, 115–125.
Granit, R., 1970, The basis of motor control. London: Academic Press.
Hallett, M., Shahani, B. T., and Young, R. R., 1975, EMG analysis of stereotyped voluntary movements in man. J. Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 38, 1154–1162.
Hogan, N., 1984, An organising principle for a class of voluntary movements. J. Neuroscience. 4, 2745–2754.
Kelso, J.A.S., and Holt, K.G., 1980, Exploring a vibratory system analysis of human movement production. J. Neurophysiol., 43, 1183–1196.
Kelso, J.A.S., and Saltzman, EX., 1982, Motor control: Which themes do we orchestrate ? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5, 554–557.
Kugler, P.N., Kelso, J.A.S., and Turvey, M.T., 1980, On the concept of coordinative structures as dissipative structures: I. Theoretical lines of convergence. in: G.E. Stelmach and J. Requin, eds. Tutorials in Motor Behavior. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 3–45.
Lestienne, F., 1979, Effects of inertial load and velocity on the braking process of voluntary limb movements. Exp. Brain Research, 34, 407–418.
Partridge, L.D., and Benton, L.A., 1983, Muscle, the motor. in: V. Brooks, ed. Motor Control. Handbook of Physiology — The Nervous System. Sec. 1, vol.11, part 1: Am. Physiol. Soc, Bethesda, pp. 43–106.
Soetching, J.F., Ranish, N.A., Palminteri, R., and Terzuolo, C.A., 1976, Changes in a motor pattern following cerebellar and olivary lesions in the squirrel monkey. Brain Research. 105, 21–44.
Terzuolo, C. A., Soetching, J.F., and Viviani, P., 1973, Studies on the control of some simple motor tasks. I. Relations between parameters of movements and EMG activities. Brain Research. 58, 212–216.
Vincken, M.H., 1983, Control of limb stiffness. Thesis. Utrecht University.
Wadman, W.J., Denier van der Gon, J.J., Geuze, R.H., and Mol, C.R., 1979, Control of fast goal-directed arm movements. J. Hum. Movement Stud., 5, 3–17.
Wadman, W.J., Denier van der Gon, J.J., and Derksen, R.J.A., 1980a, Muscle activation patterns for fast goal-directed arm movements. J. Hum. Movement Stud., 6, 19–37.
Wadman, W.J., Boerhout, W., and Denier van der Gon, J.J., 1980b, Responses of the arm movement control system to force impulses. J. Hum. Movement Stud., 6, 280–302.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Abdusamatov, R.M., Adamovich, S.V., Berkinblit, M.B., Chernavsky, A.V., Feldman, A.G. (1988). Rapid One-Joint Movements: A Qualitative Model and its Experimental Verification. In: Gurfinkel, V.S., Ioffe, M.E., Massion, J., Roll, J.P. (eds) Stance and Motion. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0821-6_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0821-6_24
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-0823-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-0821-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive