Abstract
In the recent years the determinations of drugs in biological fluids were not only carried out in serum, plasma and urine, but also in other specimens such as saliva, milk, spinal fluid etc. The saliva drug levels are of special interest, because its concentration values correlate with plasma levels. Saliva offers particular advantages in various application areas, such as:
-
1.
bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies;
-
2.
therapeutic drug monitoring;
-
3.
forensic and epidemiological monitoring of drugs of abuse.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
H.G. Giles, D.H. Zilm, R.G. Frecker, S.M. Macleod and E.M. Sellers, Saliva and plasma concentrations of diazepam after a single oral dose, Brit. J. Clin. Pharm. 4: 711 (1977).
H. Ogata, S. Horii, T. Shibazaki, N. Aoyagi, N. Kaniwa and A. Ejima, Salivary excretion of barbital and diazepam from humans, Eisei Shikensho Hokuku 96: 27 (1978).
R. Dixon, R. Lucek, J. Early and C. Perry, Chlordiazepoxide: a new, more specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay, J. Pharm. Sci. 68: 261 (1979).
L. Kangas, H. Allonen, R. Lammintausta, M. Salonen and A. Pekkarinen, Pharmacokinetics of nitrazepam in saliva and serum after a single oral dose, Acta Pharm. Tox. 45: 20 (1979).
C. Halstrom, M.H. Lader and S.H. Curry, Diazepam and N-desmethyldiazepam concentrations in saliva, plasma and CSF, Brit. J. Clin. Pharm. 9: 333 (1980).
R. Lucek and R. Dixon, Chlordiazepoxide concentrations in saliva and plasma measured by radioimmunoassay, Res. Comm. Chem. Path. Pharm. 27: 397 (1980).
J.J.T. De Geier, B.J. Hart, P.F. Wilderink and F.A. Nelemans, Comparison of plasma and saliva levels of diazepam, Brit. J. Clin. Pharm. 10: 151 (1980).
E.S. Vesell, G.T. Passananti, P.A. Glenwright and B.H. Dvorchik, Studies on the disposition of antipyrine, aminopyrine and phenacetin using plasma, saliva and urine, Clin. Pharm. Ther. 18: 259 (1975).
R.M. Welch, R.L. De Angelis, M. Wigsfield and T.W. Former, Elimination of antipyrine from saliva as a measure of metabolism in man, Clin. Pharm. Ther. 18: 249 (1975).
H.S. Fraser, J.C. Mucklow, S. Murray and D.S. Davies, Assessment of antipyrine kinetics by measurement in saliva, Brit. J. Clin. Pharm. 3: 321 (1976).
P.J. Meffin, R.L. Williams, T.F. Blaschke and M. Rowland, Application of salivary concentration data to pharmacokinetic studies with antipyrine, J. Pharm. Sci. 66: 135 (1977).
A. Barchowsky, W.W. Stargel, D.G. Shand and P.A. Routledge, Saliva concentrations of lidocaine and its metabolites in man Ther. Drug Mon. 4: 335 (1982).
C.E. Cook, E. Amerson, W.K. Poole, P. Lesser and L. O’Tuama, Phenytoin and phenobarbital concentrations in saliva and plasma measured by radioimmunoassay, Clin. Pharm. Ther. 18: 742 (1975).
T. Nishikawa, M. Saito and H. Muira, Determination of antiepileptic drugs by enzyme immunoassay and comparison of the drug concentrations in saliva and in plasma, Kitazato Igaku 7: 363 (1977).
J.C. Mucklow, C.J. Bacon and A.M. Hierons, Monitoring of phenobarbitone and phenytoin therapy in small children by salivary samples, Ther. Drug Mon. 3: 275 (1981).
I.M. Friedman, I.F. Litt and R. Henson, Saliva phenobarbital and phenytoin concentrations in epileptic adolescents, J. Pediat. 98: 654 (1981).
R.F. Goldsmith and R.A Ouvier, Salivary anticonvulsant levels in children: a comparison of methods, Ther. Drug. Mon. 3: 151 (1981).
N.N. Khanna, H.S. Bada and S.M. Somani, Use of salivary concentrations in the prediction of serum caffeine and theophylline concentrations in premature infants, J. Pediat. 96: 494 (1980).
H.W. Kelly, W.M. Hadley, S.A. Murphy and B.G. Skipper, Monitoring children on sustained released therapy by salivary theophylline levels, Am. J. Dis. Child. 135: 137 (1981).
S.M. Lena, P. Hutchins, C.B.S. Wood and P. Turner, Salivary theophylline estimation in the management of asthma in children, Postgrad. Med. J. 56: 85 (1980).
T. Inaba and W. Kalow, Salivary excretion of amobarbital in man, Clin. Pharm. Ther. 18: 558 (1975).
K. Feller and G. Le Petit, On the distribution of drugs in saliva and blood plasma, Int. J. Clin. Pharm. 15: 468 (1977).
M.G. Horning, L. Brown, J. Nowlin, K. Lertratanangkoon, P. Kellaway and T.E. Zion, Saliva in therapeutic drug monitoring. Clin. Chem. 23: 157 (1977).
J.C. Mucklow, M.R. Bending, G.C. Kahn and C.T. Dollery, Drug concentrations in saliva, Clin. Pharm. Ther. 24: 563 (1978).
S.H. Wan, S.B. Martin and D.L. Arzarnoff, Kinetics, salivary excretion of amphetamine isomers and effect of urinary pH, Clin. Pharm. Ther. 23: 585 (1978).
A.W. Jones, Inter and intra-individual variations in the saliva blood alcohol ratio during ethanol metabolism in man, Clin. Chem. 25: 1394 (1979).
G. Boettger and K. Feller, Determination of the ethanol concentration in blood and saliva, Zent. Pharm. Pharmakother. Lab. 118: 328 (1979).
N.P.E. Vermeulan, M.W.E. Teunissen and D.D. Breimer, Pharmacokinetics of pemoline in plasma, saliva and urine following oral administration, Brit. J. Clin. Pharm. 8: 459 (1979).
M.E. Sharp, S.M. Wallace, K.W. Hindmarsh and H.W. Peel, Monitoring saliva concentrations of methaqualone, codeine, secobarbital, diphenhydramine and diazepam after single oral doses, J. Anal. Toxicol. 7: 11 (1983).
B. Caddy, Saliva as a specimen for drug analysis, In: “Advances in Analytical Toxicology”, R.C. Baselt, ed., Biomed. Publ., Foster City, Ca, USA (1984).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mari, F., Bertol, E., Biagioli, R., Chiarugi, R. (1987). Saliva/Plasma Ratios for Forensic Monitoring of Drug Assumption in Opiate Addicts. In: Piemonte, G., Tagliaro, F., Marigo, M., Frigerio, A. (eds) Developments in Analytical Methods in Pharmaceutical, Biomedical, and Forensic Sciences. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3526-7_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3526-7_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-3528-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-3526-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive