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Miscanthus

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Industrial Crops

Part of the book series: Handbook of Plant Breeding ((HBPB,volume 9))

Abstract

Miscanthus is a perennial rhizomatous warm-season C4 grass species and is native throughout Eastern Asia and Pacific islands, ranging from tropical Polynesia to southern Siberia. Conventionally, the genus showed some attractive features for domestic uses such as livestock feed, as green manure, as well as roof materials for traditional Asian houses. In recent years, the genus has received considerable attention as a feedstock source of biorefineries such as biofuel production for sustainable renewable energy in cold and temperate environments. Miscanthus × giganteus, which is a triploid hybrid between M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus, exhibits promise as a biomass crop because it has high biomass productivity under cold and temperate environments, low fertilizer requirements, and high ability of carbon stock in soil. However, presently only one genotype of M. × giganteus is widely cultivated. This came from a germplasm introduced to Europe from Japan in 1935, resulting to an increased risk of widespread plant mortality due to diseases or pests. Therefore, the collection of genetic resources of Miscanthus spp. and genetic improvement of Miscanthus spp. through hybridization and selection methods is essential for future increase in feedstock production. Molecular breeding will offer good opportunities, especially for value-added traits such as enhanced biomass, abiotic stress tolerance, and saccharification efficiency. This chapter describes the genetics and breeding of Miscanthus spp., their characteristics and their taxonomy, and progress in genetic improvement of Miscanthus spp. through conventional and molecular breeding including current research activities of the author’s group.

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  1. Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

    Toshihiko Yamada

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  1. Toshihiko Yamada
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  1. USDA-ARS, Boston College Carroll School of Management, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

    Von Mark V. Cruz  & David A. Dierig  & 

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Yamada, T. (2015). Miscanthus . In: Cruz, V.M.V., Dierig, D.A. (eds) Industrial Crops. Handbook of Plant Breeding, vol 9. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1447-0_3

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