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Regulation of Antidepressant-Sensitive Serotonin Transporters

  • Chapter
Neurotransmitter Transporters

Part of the book series: Contemporary Neuroscience ((CNEURO))

Abstract

The indoleamine serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5HT]) plays an important role as a chemical messenger in the adult central nervous system (CNS) and periphery, regulating a host of diverse processes, including mood, sleep, sexual drive, gastrointestinal motility, thyroid function, and vasoconstriction (38,55). Though more than a half dozen distinct 5HT receptor subtypes exist to confer the specific actions of 5HT on target cells (45), a single gene product (11,51,71,102) encoding the serotonin transporter (SERT), appears to be exclusively responsible for the inactivation of extracellular 5HT. SERTs are members of a large gene family of Na+ and Cl− coupled, plasma membrane transporters (1,10),most closely related in sequence to the 1-norepinephrine (NE) transporter (NET) ((73,96) and the dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) (44,60,113,119). SERT expression in the adult CNS appears to be predominantly, if not exclusively, neuronal (5,11,20,100), restricted to serotonergic neurons of the raphe complex and their projections. Clearance of synaptic and extrasynaptic 5HT appears to be the principal role for SERTs; however, certain cells, notably platelets (100,116), utilize SERTs to acquire 5HT from the environment for subsequent release, since they lack the essential biosynthetic machinery for 5HT synthesis. SERTs have also been identified in intestinal crypt epithelia (121), adrenal chromaffin cells (13,118), mast cells (51), medullary thyroid carcinoma cells (21), thyroid follicular cells (117), and placenta (8).

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  1. Randy D. Blakely
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  2. Sammanda Ramamoorthy
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  3. Yan Qian
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  4. Sally Schroeter
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  5. Christopher C. Bradley
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  1. College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Peoria, IL, USA

    Maarten E. A. Reith

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Blakely, R.D., Ramamoorthy, S., Qian, Y., Schroeter, S., Bradley, C.C. (1997). Regulation of Antidepressant-Sensitive Serotonin Transporters. In: Reith, M.E.A. (eds) Neurotransmitter Transporters. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-470-2_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-470-2_2

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