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Minimally Invasive Nephron-Sparing Surgery for Renal Tumors: Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy and Probe Ablative Treatments

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Clinical Management of Renal Tumors

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Abstract

Objectives: To review the evolution and current status of extirpative and probeablative methods of minimally invasive nephron sparing surgery (MINSS) for renal tumors. Methods: The English language literature of past 10 years was reviewed using the National Library of Medicine database and the following key words: kidney, renal, tumor, nephron sparing surgery, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, cryoablation, radiofrequency ablation, radiosurgery, high-intensity focused ultrasound, chemoablation, microwave thermotherapy, and laser interstitial thermotherapy. Over 500 articles were identified. A total of 100 articles were selected for this review based on their contribution to knowledge pertaining to: a) evolution of concepts, b) development and refinement of techniques, and c) intermediate and long-term clinical outcomes with minimally invasive nephron sparing surgery. Results: Open partial nephrectomy (OPN) is the reference standard for nephron sparing surgery agianst which all minimally invasive techniques should be measured. Given the requisite skills for time-sensitive intracorporeal suturing, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) can provide long-term cancer cure comparable to the reference standard. The initial 5-year data of 50 patients have just become available and have shown overall and cancer-specific survival of 84% and 100%, respectively. Although the initial outcomes of cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are encouraging, long-term studies are necessary to confirm lasting efficacy. The optimal modality for tumor targeting, monitoring therapy, and follow-up remains to be determined. These ablative techniques should be reserved for carefully selected patients, data should be prospectively accrued, and the long-term cancer cure rates should be compared to the reference standard. Conclusions: As of this writing, the technique and global acceptance of LPN is evolving, although it remains restricted by the complexity of laparoscopic renal reconstruction. In expert hands cancer cure and renal functional outcomes are similar to OPN. Of the probeablative techniques, promising long-term data are available for cryoablation. RFA is still developmental and instances of incomplete cell-kill, despite negative enhancement are concerning. Other modalities are still experimental.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH

    Monish Aron MD, Georges-Pascal Haber MD & Inderbir S. Gill MD

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  2. Georges-Pascal Haber MD
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  1. Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH

    Ronald M. Bukowski MD

  2. Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH

    Andrew C. Novick MD

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Aron, M., Haber, GP., Gill, I.S. (2008). Minimally Invasive Nephron-Sparing Surgery for Renal Tumors: Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy and Probe Ablative Treatments . In: Bukowski, R.M., Novick, A.C. (eds) Clinical Management of Renal Tumors. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-149-3_14

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