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Elements of Functional Neuroanatomy: The Major Neurotransmitter Systems

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Abstract

With essential elements of functional neuroanatomy, this chapter completes the anatomical basis developed in Chap. 2, with a systematic description of the major neurotransmitter systems, including ways to experimentally influence them. The amino acids, such as glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and the monoamines such as noradrenaline and dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine are successively described from their localization in the brain to their implications in CNS disorders. For each neurotransmitter, the chemical structure and mechanism of biosynthesis and degradation are detailed and illustrated along with their central action through chemical interactions with their specific receptors and the anatomical distribution of their target areas. Rather than exhaustively reviewing all the neurotransmitter systems of the brain, this presentation of selected neurotransmitters aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the complexity of chemical neurotransmission in the brain and to help investigators in their search of an optimal way to experimentally manipulate a given system and in the prediction of the potential effects of such manipulations. The elements provided in this chapter may additionally guide users in setting up their experimental approach (e.g., systemic versus local pharmacology), in choosing the adequate molecules that will ensure correct anesthesia and analgesia of the subject when required without interfering (or interfering the least) with the system studied.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre CNRS UMR 5292–INSERM U 1028, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France

    Barbara Ferry & Damien Gervasoni

  2. Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France

    Catherine Vogt

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  1. Barbara Ferry
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  2. Damien Gervasoni
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  3. Catherine Vogt
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Ferry, B., Gervasoni, D., Vogt, C. (2014). Elements of Functional Neuroanatomy: The Major Neurotransmitter Systems. In: Stereotaxic Neurosurgery in Laboratory Rodent. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0472-9_3

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