Abstract
This review paper is focused on the research of molecular mechanisms occurring in porphyrin-like systems such as porphyrins, phthalocyanines, and corroles as well as in chromophore-semiconductor quantum dot (QD-CdSe/ZnS) or corrole-fullerene (C60) as electron-donor-acceptor unites. The basic spectroscopic investigations describe properties of materials in organic solutions in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared ranges and in a form of Langmuir and Langmuir–Blodgett molecular nanolayers to get knowledge on photophysics of dyes and the influence of QD and C60 on the electron redistribution within the molecular structures. The studies also allowed to explain the impact of solvent on the spectroscopic properties of corroles and on the redistribution of the π-electrons in the excited state. The fluorescence studies very evidently showed strong interaction between chromophores and C60 or QD and clearly demonstrated the strong donor-acceptor nature of the phthalocyanines-quantum dot and the corrole-fullerene dyad . In addition, spectroscopic studies in polarized light allowed determining molecular arrangement of the chromophore molecules in the Langmuir–Blodgett layers with respect to solid substrates. The computer calculations (TD-DFT theory) confirmed the experimental results, in particular the redistribution of the π-electrons in the excited state and the location of HOMO and LUMO levels. The DFT calculations let also to evaluate the reorganization energy values for the set of free-base corroles and C60 fullerene . In this review, it was shown the electron-donor-acceptor character of the systems composed of: porphyrin-quinone, phthalocyanines-QD, corroles-C60 dyads. It has been demonstrated potential capabilities of the photoactive organic materials with QD and fullerene in the future applications in many areas of optoelectronic and in the process of converting solar energy into electric energy in solar cells.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Wróbel D (2016) From natural photosynthesis to molecular photovoltaics. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 627:4–22
Gong X, Milic T, Xu C, Batteas JD, Drain CM (2002) Preparation and characterization of porphyrin nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 124:14290–14291
Huang X, Nakanishi K, Berova N (2000) Porphyrins and metalloporphyrins: versatile circular dichroic reporter groups for structural studies. Chirality 12:237–255
Braun A, Tcherniac J (1907) Über die Produkte der Einwirkung von Acetanhydrid auf Phthalamid. Ber Dtsch Chem Ges 40:2709–2714
Dolphin D (1978) The porphyrins, vol III. Academic Press, Cambridge
Grätzel M (2005) Solar energy conversion by dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells. Inorg Chem 44:6841–6851
Morandeira A, López-Duarte I, Martínez-Díaz MV, O’Regan B, Shuttle C, Haji- Zainulabidin NA, Torres T, Palomares E, Durrant RJ (2007) Slow electron injection on Ru–phthalocyanine sensitized TiO2. J Am Chem Soc 129:9250–9251
Luo L, Lin CJ, Tsai CY, Wu HP, Li LL, Lo CF, Lin CY, Diau EW (2010) Effects of aggregation and electron injection on photovoltaic performance of porphyrin-based solar cells with oligo(phenylethynyl) links inside TiO2 and Al2O3 nanotube arrays. Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:1064–1071
Heimer TA, Heilweil EJ (1997) Direct time-resolved infrared measurement of electron injection in dye-sensitized titanium dioxide films. J Phys Chem 101:10990–10993
Hasobe T, Imahori H, Kamat PY, Ahn TK, Kim SK, Kim D, Fujimoto A, Hirakawa T, Fukuzumi S (2005) Photovoltaic cells using composite nanoclusters of porphyrins and fullerenes with gold nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 127:1216–1228
Schmidt-Mende L, Campbell WM, Wang Q, Jolley KW, Officer DL, Nazeeruddin KM, Grätzel M (2005) Zn-porphyrin-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 heterojunction photovoltaic cells. Chem Phys 6:1253–1258
Lee MW, Lee DL, Yen WN, Yeh CY (2009) Synthesis, optical and photovoltaic properties of porphyrin dyes. J Macromol Sci Part A 46:730–737
Smertenkov PS, Kostylev VP, Kislyuk VV, Syngaevsky AF, Zynio SA, Dimitriev OP (2008) Photovoltaic cells based on cadmium sulphide–phthalocyanine heterojunction. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 92:976–979
Wróbel D, Goc J, Ion RM (1998) Photovoltaic and spectral properties of tetraphenyloporphyrin and metallotetraphenyloporphyrin dyes. J Mol Struct 450:239–246
Wróbel D, Siejak A, Siejak P (2010) Photovoltaic and spectroscopic studies of selected halogenated porphyrins for their application in organic solar cells. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 94:492–500
Siejak A, Wróbel D, Ion RM (2006) Study of resonance effects in copper phthalocyanines. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 181:180–187
Siejak A, Wróbel D, Olejarz B, Ion RM (2009) Spectroscopic and photoelectric investigations of resonance effects in selected sulfonated phthalocyanines. Dyes Pigm 83:281–290
Karimi AR, Khodadadi A (2012) Synthesis and solution properties of new metal-free and metallo-phthalocyanines containing four bis(indol-3-yl)methane groups. Tetrahedron Lett 53:5223–5226
Bursa B, Wróbel D, Biadasz A, Kędzierski K, Lewandowska K, Graja A, Szybowicz M, Durmuş M (2014) Indium-chlorine and gallium-chlorine tetrasubstituted phthalocyanines in a bulk system, Langmuir monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett nanolayers—spectroscopic investigations. Spectrochim Acta A 128:489–496
Bursa B, Biadasz A, Kędzierski K, Wróbel D (2014) Quantum dot with zinc and copper substituted phthalocyanines. 1. Energy transfer in solution and in-situ light absorption in Langmuir monolayers. J Lumin 145:779–786
Kędzierski K, Barszcz B, Kotkowiak M, Bursa B, Goc J, Dinçer H, Wróbel D (2016) Photophysics of an unsymmetrical Zn(II) phthalocyanine substituted with terminal alkynyl group. J Lumin 180:132–139
Meyer T, Ogermann D, Pankrath A, Kleinermanns K, Müller TJ (2012) Phenothiazinyl rhodanylidene merocyanines for dye-sensitized solar cells. J Org Chem 77:3704–3715
Wróbel D, Boguta A, Ion RM (2001) Mixtures of synthetic organic dyes in a photoelectrochemical cell. J Photochem Photobiol 138:7–22
Chamberlain GA, Cooney PJ, Dennison S (1981) Photovoltaic properties of merocyanine solid-state photocells. Nature 289:45–47
Steinmann V, Kronenberg NM, Lenze MR, Graf SM, Hertel D, Meerholz K, Bürckstümmer H, Tulyakova EV, Würthner F (2011) Simple, highly efficient vacuum-processed bulk heterojunction solar cells based on merocyanine dyes. Adv Energy Mater 1(5):888–893
Abdou EM, Hafez HS, Bakir E, Abdel-Mottaleb MS (2013) Photostability of low cost dye-sensitized solar cells based on natural and synthetic dyes. Spectrochim Acta A 115:202–207
Arjona-Esteban A, Lenze MR, Meerholz K, Würthner F (2017) Donor-acceptor dyes for organic photovoltaics. In: Leo K (ed) Elementary processes in organic photovoltaics. Advances in polymer science 272. Springer, Berlin
Wróbel D, Łukasiewicz J, Manikowski H (2003) Fluorescence quenching and ESR spectroscopy of metallic porphyrins in the presence of an electron acceptor. Dyes Pigm 58:7–18
Pace NA, Reid OG, Rumbles G (2018) Delocalization drives free charge generation in conjugated polymer films. ACS Energy Lett 3:735–741
Li L, Kang S-W, Harden J, Sun Q, Zhou X, Dai L, Jakli A, Kumar S, Li Q (2008) Nature-inspired light-harvesting liquid crystalline porphyrins for organic photovoltaics. Liq Cryst 35:233–239
Imahori H, Hayashi S, Hayashi H, Oguro A, Eu S, Umeyama T, Matano Y (2009) Effects of porphyrin substituents and adsorption conditions on photovoltaic properties of porphyrin-sensitized TiO2 cells. J Phys Chem C 113:18406–18413
Idowu M, Chen J-Y, Nyokong T (2008) Photoinduced energy transfer between water-soluble CdTe quantum dots and aluminium tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine. New J Chem 32:290–296
Britton J, Antunes E, Nyokong T (2010) Fluorescence quenching and energy transfer in conjugates of quantum dots with zinc and indium tetraamino phthalocyanines. J Photochem Photobiol A 210:1–7
Li L, Zhao J-F, Won N, Jin H, Kim S, Chen J-Y (2012) Quantum dot-aluminum phthalocyanine conjugates perform photodynamic reactions to kill cancer cells via fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Nanoscale Res Lett 7:386
Bursa B, Rytel K, Skrzypiec M, Prochaska K, Wróbel D (2018) Thin film of CdTeSe/ZnS quantum dots on water subphase: thermodynamics and morphology studies. Dyes Pigm 155:36–41
Jun HK, Careem MA, Arof AK (2013) Quantum dot-sensitized solar cells—perspective and recent developments: a review of Cd chalcogenide quantum dots as sensitizers. Renew Sust Energ Rev 22:148–167
Jeltsch KF, Schädel M, Bonekamp J-B, Niyamakom P, Rauscher F, Lademann HWA, Dumsch I, Allard S, Scherf U, Meerholz K (2012) Efficiency enhanced hybrid solar cells using a blend of quantum dots and nanorods. Adv Funct Mater 22:397–404
Ma J, Chen J-Y, Idowu M, Nyokong T (2008) Generation of singlet oxygen via the composites of water-soluble thiol-capped CdTe quantum dots-sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanines. J Phys Chem B 112:4465–4469
Biadasz A, Bursa B, Barszcz B, Bogucki A, Laskowska B, Graja A, Wróbel D (2011) Thermodynamics and in-situ absorption of Langmuir monolayers of selected copper phthalocyanine substituted with different peripheral groups. Dyes Pigm 89:86–92
Martynenko IV, Orlova AO, Maslov VG, Fedorov AV, Berwick K, Baranov AV (2016) The influence of phthalocyanine aggregation in complexes with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on the photophysical properties of the complexes. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 7:1018–1027
Fortage J, Boixel J, Blart E, Hammarström L, Becker HC, Odobel F (2008) Single-step electron transfer on the nanometer scale: ultra-fast charge shift in strongly coupled zinc porphyrin-gold porphyrin dyads. Chemistry 14:3467–3480
Leng H, Loy J, Amin V, Weiss EA, Pelton M (2016) Electron transfer from single semiconductor nanocrystals to individual acceptor molecules. ACS Energy Lett 1:9–15
Claessens CG, Hahn U, Torres T (2008) Phthalocyanines: From outstanding electronic properties to emerging applications. Chem Rec 8:75–97
Bae WK, Char K, Hur H, Lee S (2008) Single-step synthesis of quantum dots with chemical composition gradients. Chem Mater 20:531–539
Toyoda T, Yindeesuk W, Kamiyama K, Katayama K, Kobayashi H, Hayase S, Shen Q (2016) The electronic structure and photoinduced electron transfer rate of CdSe quantum dots on single crystal rutile TiO2: dependence on the crystal orientation of the substrate. J Phys Chem C 120:2047–2057
Aviv I, Gross Z (2007) Corrole-based applications. Chem Commun 20:1987–1999
Flamigni L, Gryko DT (2009) Photoactive corrole-based arrays. Chem Soc Rev 38:1635–1646
Gryko DT (2008) Adventures in the synthesis of meso-substituted corroles. Porphyrins Phthalocyanines 12:906
Harris RLN, Johnson AW, Kay IT (1966) The synthesis of porphins and related macrocycles. Q Rev Chem Soc 20:211–244
Roberts JD, Streitwieser A, Regan CM (1952) Small-ring compounds. X. Molecular orbital calculations of properties of some small-ring hydrocarbons and free radicals. J Am Chem Soc 18:4579–4582
Ventura B, Esposti AD, Koszarna B, Gryko DT, Flamigni L (2005) Photophysical characterization of free-base corroles, promising chromophores for light energy conversion and singlet oxygen generation. New J Chem 29:1559–1566
Kadish KM, Shen J, Frémond L, Chen P, El Ojaimi M, Chkounda M, Gros CP, Barbe J-M, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S, Guilard R (2008) Clarification of the oxidation state of cobalt corroles in heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic reduction of dioxygen. Inorg Chem 47(15):6726–6737
Palmer JH (2011) Transition metal corrole coordination chemistry. In: Mingos D, Day P, Dahl J (eds) Molecular electronic structures of transition metal complexes I. structure and bonding, vol 142. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Gouterman M, Wagnière GH, Snyder LC (1963) Spectra of porphyrins: Part II. Four orbital model. J Mol Spectrosc 11:108–127
Lei H, Han A, Li F, Zhang M, Han Y, Du P, Lai W, Cao R (2014) Electrochemical, spectroscopic and theoretical studies of a simple bifunctional cobalt corrole catalyst for oxygen evolution and hydrogen production. Phys Chem Chem Phys 16:1883–1893
Kobayashi T, Mao K, Paluch P, Nowak-Król A, Sniechowska J, Nishiyama Y, Gryko DT, Potrzebowski MJ, Pruski M (2013) Study of intermolecular interactions in the corrole matrix by solid-state NMR under 100 kHz MAS and theoretical calculations. Angew Chem Int Ed 52:14108–14111
McNicholas BJ, Blumenfeld C, Kramer WW, Grubbs RH, Winkler JR, Gray HB (2017) Electrochemistry in ionic liquids: case study of a manganese corrole. Rus J Electrochem 53:1189–1193
Ding T, Harvey JD, Ziegler CJ (2005) N-H tautomerization in triaryl corroles. J Porphyrins Phthalocyanines 9:22–27
Konarev DV, Kariminov DR, Khasanov SS, Shestakov AF, Otsuka A, Yamochi H, Kitagawa H, Lyubovskaya RN (2017) Solid state structures and properties of free-base 5,10,15-triphenylcorrole (TPCor) anions obtained by deprotonation and reduction. Effective magnetic coupling of spins in (Cp*2Cr+)(H+)(H2TPCor˙2−) C6H4Cl2. Dalton Trans 46:13994
Beenken W, Presselt M, Ngo TH, Dehaen W, Maes W, Kruk M (2014) Molecular structures and absorption spectra assignment of corrole NH tautomers. J Phys Chem A 118:862–871
Bursa B, Wróbel D, Barszcz B, Kotkowiak M, Vakuliuk O, Gryko DT, Kolanowski Ł, Baraniak M, Lota G (2016) The impact of solvents on the singlet and triplet states of selected fluorine corroles—absorption, fluorescence, and optoacoustic studies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 18:7216–7228
Bursa B, Barszcz B, Bednarski W, Lewtak JP, Koszelewski D, Vakulyuk O, Gryko DT, Wróbel D (2015) New meso-substituted corroles possessing pentafluorophenyl groups—synthesis and spectroscopic characterization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 17:7411–7423
Kandala LVK, Kaur T, Ravikanth M (2017) One pot synthesis of unusual meso-dipyrrinyl corrole. RSC Adv 7:19878–19884
Ooi S, Tanaka T, Park KH, Kim D, Osuka A (2016) Triply linked corrole dimers. Angew Chem Int Ed 55:6535–6539
D’Souza F, Chitta R, Ohkubo K, Tasior M, Subbaiyan NK, Zandler ME, Rogacki MK, Gryko DT, Fukuzumi S (2008) Corrole-fullerene dyads: formation of long-lived charge-separated states in nonpolar solvents. J Am Chem Soc 130:14263–14272
Paolesse R, Nardis S, Sagone F, Khoury RG (2001) Synthesis and functionalization of meso-aryl-substituted corroles. J Org Chem 66(2):550–556
Orłowski R, Gryko D, Gryko DT (2017) Synthesis of corroles and their heteroanalogs. Chem Rev 117:3102–3137
D’Urso A, Nardis S, Pomarico G, Fragalà ME, Paolesse R, Purrello R (2013) Interaction of tricationic corroles with single/double helix of homopolymeric nucleic acids and DNA. J Am Chem Soc 135:8632–8638
Sheng X, Zhao H, Du L (2017) Selectivity of cobalt corrole for CO vs. O2 and N2 in indoor pollution. Sci Rep 7:14536
Santos CIM (2014) Corroles: synthesis, functionalization and application as chemosensors. Chem Open 3:88–92
Gaussian 09, Revision E.01 Frisch MJ, Trucks GW, Schlegel HB, Scuseria GE, Robb MA, Cheeseman JR, Scalmani G, Barone V, Mennucci B, Petersson GA, Nakatsuji H, Caricato M, Li X, Hratchian HP, Izmaylov AF, Bloino J, Zheng G, Sonnenberg JL, Hada M, Ehara M, Toyota K, Fukuda R, Hasegawa J, Ishida M, Nakajima T, Honda Y, Kitao O, Nakai H, Vreven T, Montgomery JAJr, Peralta JE, Ogliaro F, Bearpark M, Heyd JJ, Brothers E, Kudin KN, Staroverov VN, Kobayashi R, Normand J, Raghavachari K, Rendell A, Burant JC, Iyengar SS, Tomasi J, Cossi M, Rega N, Millam JM, Klene M, Knox JE, Cross JB, Bakken V, Adamo C, Jaramillo J, Gomperts R, Stratmann RE, Yazyev O, Austin AJ, Cammi R, Pomelli C, Ochterski JW, Martin RL, Morokuma K, Zakrzewski VG, Voth GA, Salvador P, Dannenberg JJ, Dapprich S, Daniels AD, Farkas Ö, Foresman JB, Ortiz JV, Cioslowski J, Fox DJ (2013) Gaussian, Inc., Wallingford CT
Wasbotten IH, Wondimagegn T, Ghosh A (2002) Electronic absorption, resonance raman, and electrochemical studies of planar and saddled copper(iii) meso-triarylcorroles. highly substituent-sensitive soret bands as a distinctive feature of high-valent transition metal corroles. J Am Chem Soc 124:8104–8116
Steene E, Wondimagegn T, Ghosh A (2002) Resonance Raman spectroscopy and density functional theoretical calculations of manganese corroles. A parallelism between high-valent metallocorroles and metalloporphyrins, relevant to horseradish peroxidase and chloroperoxidase compound I and II intermediates. J Inorg Biochem 88:113–118
Czernuszewicz RS, Mody V, Zareba AA, Zaczek MB, Gałęziowski M, Sashuk V, Grela K, Gryko DT (2007) Solvent-dependent resonance Raman spectra of high-valent oxomolybdenum(v) tris[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]corrolate. Inorg Chem 46:5616–5624
Zakharieva O, Veeger C (2005) DFT normal coordinate analysis of the vibrational spectra of iron and germanium corroles. J Mol Struct: THEOCHEM 723:171–182
Wang H, Yang C, Zhang Z, Wang M, Han K (2006) The molecular structure and vibrational spectra of corrolazine metal complexes (CzM) by density functional theory. Spectrochim Acta A 64:795–800
Lewandowska K, Barszcz B, Wolak J, Graja A, Grzybowski M, Gryko DT (2013) Vibrational properties of new corrole–fullerene dyad and its components. Dyes Pigm 96:249–255
Bursa B, Wróbel D, Lewandowska K, Graja A, Grzybowski M, Gryko DT (2013) Spectral studies of molecular orientation in corrole-fullerene thin films. Synth Met 176:18–25
Gross Z, Galili N, Simkhovich L, Saltsman I, Botoshansky M, Bläser D, Boese R, Goldberg I (1999) Solvent-free condensation of pyrrole and pentafluorobenzaldehyde: a novel synthetic pathway to corrole and oligopyrromethenes. Org Lett 1:599–602
Langa F, Nierenganter JF (eds) (2007) Fullerenes and applications. The Royal Society of Chemistry (and references citated therein)
Imahori H, Sakata Y (1999) Fullerenes as novel acceptors in photosynthetic electron transfer. Eur J Org Chem 1999:2445–2457
Imahori H, Mori Y, Matano Y (2003) Nanostructured artificial photosynthesis. J Photochem Photobiol C 4:51–83
Łapiński A, Graja A, Olejniczak I, Bogucki A, Imahori H (2004) Supramolecular porphyrin/fullerene interactions studied by spectral methods. Chem Phys 305:277–284
Ohkubo K, Kotani H, Shao J, Ou Z, Kadish KM, Li G, Pandey RK, Fujitsuka M, Ito O, Imahori H, Fukuzumi S (2004) Production of an ultra-long-lived charge-separated state in a zinc chlorine-C60 dyad by one-step photoinduced electron transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed 43:853–856
Imahori H, Guldi DM, Tamaki K, Yoshida Y, Luo C, Sakata Y, Fukuzumi S (2001) Charge separation in a novel artificial photosynthetic reaction center lives 380 ms. J Am Chem Soc 123:6617–6628
Guldi DM (2002) Fullerene-porphyrin architectures; photosynthetic antenna and reaction center models. Chem Soc Rev 31:22–36
Imahori H, El-Khouly ME, Fujitsuka M, Ito O, Sakata Y, Fukuzumi S (2001) Solvent dependence of charge separation and charge recombination rates in porphyrin-fullerene dyad. J Phys Chem A 105:325–332
Mizuseki H, Igarashi N, Belosludov RV, Farajian AA, Kawazoe Y (2003) Theoretical study of phthalocyanine–fullerene complex for a high efficiency photovoltaic device using ab initio electronic structure calculation. Synth Met 138:281–283
Förster Th (1949) Experimentelle und theoretische untersuchung des zwischenmolekularen übergangs von elektronenanregungsenergie. Z Naturforsch A 4(5):321–327
Förster T et al (1965) Delocalized excitation and excitation transfer. In: Sinanoghi O (ed) Modern quantum chemistry. Academic Press, New York, p 93
Dexter DL (1953) A theory of sensitized luminescence in solids. J Chem Phys 21:836
Lewandowska K, Barszcz B, Graja A, Bursa B, Biadasz A, Wróbel D, Bednarski W, Waplak S, Grzybowski M, Gryko DT (2013) Absorption and emission properties of the corrole-fullerene dyad. Synth Met 166:70–76
Lewandowska K, Bednarski W, Milczarek G, Waplak S, Graja A, Park EY, Kim T-D, Lee K-S (2011) Photoelectrochemical cells based on LB films of fullerene-thiophene derived dyads. Synth Met 161:1640–1645
Graja A (2012) Corrole-fullerene dyads: Will they place porphyrin-fullerene systems? Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 554:31–42
Wróbel D, Lewandowska K (2011) Covalent dyads of porphyrin–fullerene and perylene–fullerene for organic photovoltaics: spectroscopic and photocurrent studies. Opt Mater 33:1424–1428
Marcus RA (1956) On the theory of oxidation-reduction reactions involving electron transfer. I. J Chem Phys 24:966
Marcus RA, Sutin N (1985) Electron transfers in chemistry and biology. Biochim Biophys Acta 811:265–322
Lin BC, Cheng CP, Lao ZPM (2003) Reorganization energies in the transports of holes and electrons in organic amines in organic electroluminescence studied by density functional theory. J Phys Chem A 107:5241–5251
Tokunaga K (2009) On the difference in electronic properties between fullerene C60 and C60X2. Chem Phys Lett 476:253–257
Tokunaga K (2012) Hydrogenation of fullerene C60: material design of organic semiconductors by computation. In: Karamé I (ed) Hydrogenation InTech. https://doi.org/10.5772/48534
Brizet B, Desbois N, Bonnot A, Langlois A, Dubois A, Barbe J-M, Gros CP, Goze C, Denat F, Harvey PD (2014) Slow and fast singlet energy transfers in BODIPY-gallium(iii)corrole dyads linked by flexible chains. Inorg Chem 53:3392–3403
Wróbel D, Graja A (2011) Photoinduced electron transfer processes in fullerene–organic chromophore systems. Coord Chem Rev 255:2555–2577
Imahori H, Tkachenko NV, Vehmanen V, Tamaki K, Lemmetyien H, Sakata Y, Fukuzumi S (2001) An extremely small reorganization energy of electron transfer in porphyrin-fullerene dyad. J Phys Chem 105:1750–1756
Acknowledgements
The paper is supported by Poznan University of Technology, the grant DS 06/62/DSPB/2181. The author is much grateful to Prof. D. T. Gryko (Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland) for the gift of the corrole and corrole-fullerene samples. We also thank M.Sc. Eng. Kamil Kędzieski for the help of drawings.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wróbel, D., Barszcz, B. (2019). Quantum Dot and Fullerene with Organic Chromophores as Electron-Donor-Acceptor Systems. In: Koleżyński, A., Król, M. (eds) Molecular Spectroscopy—Experiment and Theory. Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, vol 26. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01355-4_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01355-4_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-01354-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-01355-4
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)