Skip to main content

Melding of Two Worlds: Lessons Learned about PCIT and Autism Spectrum Disorders

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbook of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for Children on the Autism Spectrum

Abstract

Externalizing behaviors are a common co-occurring issue in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One evidence-based treatment for disruptive behaviors that has shown empirical and clinical success with a range of specialized populations is Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT). While the accumulating research for implementing PCIT with the ASD population is promising, clinical parameters for PCIT practice with ASD are dynamically evolving. The chapter presents lessons learned from the authors’ research and clinical experiences when implementing PCIT with the ASD population. The organization of the chapter overlays PCIT concepts onto the ASD diagnostic framework of the DSM-5, including severity and functional level of impairment. Although PCIT is a robust intervention which typically requires minimal changes in implementation for a variety of populations, having a basic understanding of ASD symptomatology and using level of functioning to inform when and how to tailor PCIT to ASD populations is crucial in obtaining positive clinical outcomes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 429.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 549.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Agazzi, H., Yin Tan, S., Ogg, J., Armstrong, K., & Kirby, R. S. (2017). Does parent-child interaction therapy reduce maternal stress, anxiety, and depression among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder? Child and Family Behavior Therapy, 39(4), 283–303. https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2017.1375622

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4, text rev.). APA. Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Autism Speaks (2017). In Executive functioning and theory of mind. Retrieved December 25, 2017, from https://www.autismspeaks.org/sites/default/files/documents/as-hfa/ef_tm_as-hfa_tool_kit.pdf

  • Bagner, D., & Eyberg, S. E. (2007). Parent-child interaction therapy for disruptive behavior in children with mental retardation: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36(3), 418–429.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colvin, A., Eyberg, S. M., & Adams, C. D. (1999). Restandardization of the Eyberg child behavior inventory. University of Florida.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyberg, S. M., Chase, R. M., Fernandez, M. A., & Nelson, M. M. (2014). Dyadic parent-child interaction coding system (DPICS), fourth edition. Gainesville, FL: PCIT International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyberg, S. M., & Funderburk, B. (2011). Parent-child interaction therapy protocol. Gainesville, FL: PCIT International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyberg, S. M., & Funderburk, B. (2015, March). Personal communication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyberg, S. M., & Ross, A. W. (1978). Assessment of child behavior problems: The validation of a new inventory. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 7, 113–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ginn, N., Clionsky, L., Eyberg, S. M., Warner-Metzger, C., & Abner, J. P. (2015). Child-directed interaction training for young children with autism spectrum disorders: Parent and child outcomes. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychology, 46(1), 101–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2015.1015135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, C. (2000). The new social story book. Arlington, TX: Future Horizons ISBN 1-885477 66-X.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, C., Broek, E., Cain, S. L., Dutkiewicz, M., Fleck, C., Gray, B., … Moore, L. (1993). The social story book. Jenison, MI: Jenison Public Schools.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, C. A., & Garand, J. D. (1993). Social stories: Improving responses of students with autism with accurate social information. Focus on Autistic Behavior, 8(1), 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harrington, J., Allen, K., Cooke, C., & Paulson, J. (2015). Treatment of behavior problems among school-age children with Autism spectrum disorders. Presented as part of clinical workshop at the 2015 Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) International Conference, Pittsburgh, PA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, S. A., & Watson, S. L. (2013). The impact of parenting stress: A meta-analysis of studies comparing the experience of parenting stress in parents of children with and without autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43(3), 629–642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1604-y

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ingersoll, B. (2008). The social role of imitation in autism: Implications for the treatment of imitation deficits. Infants & Young Children, 21(2), 107–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ingersoll, B., Lewis, E., & Kroman, E. (2006). Teaching the imitation and spontaneous use of descriptive gestures in young children with autism using a naturalistic behavioral intervention. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 1446–1456.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ingersoll, B., Schreibman, L., & Tran, Q. H. (2003). Effect of sensory feedback on immediate object imitation in children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33, 673–683.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jeter, K., Zlomke, K., Shawler, P., & Sullivan, M. (2017). Comprehensive psychometric analysis of the Eyberg child behavior inventory in children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders., 47(5), 1354–1368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3048x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koegel, R. L., Koegel, L. K., & Brookman, L. I. (2003). Empirically supported pivotal response interventions for children with autism. In A. E. Kazdin & J. R. Weisz (Eds.), Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents (pp. 341–357). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krug, D. A., Arick, J. R., & Almond, P. J. (1980). Autism behavior checklist. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lesack, R., Bearss, K., Celano, M., & Sharp, W. G. (2014). Parent-child interaction therapy and autism spectrum disorder: Adaptations with a child with severe developmental delays. Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology, 2(1), 68–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lord, C., Rutter, M., DiLavore, P. C., Risi, S., Gotham, K., Bishop, S. L., … Guthrie, W. (2012). Autism diagnostic observation schedule (2nd ed.). Torrance, CA: Western Psychological Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lovaas, O. L., & Smith, T. (2003). Early and intensive behavioral intervention in autism. In A. E. Kazdin & J. R. Weisz (Eds.), Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents (pp. 325–340). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mandell, D. S., Walrath, C. M., Manteuffel, B., Sgro, G., & Pinto-Martin, J. (2005). Characteristics of children with autistic spectrum disorders served in comprehensive community-based mental health settings. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35, 313–321.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Masse, J. J. (2010). Examining the efficacy of parent-child interaction therapy with high functioning autism. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 70(10-B) pp. 6558; ProQuest Information & Learning.

    Google Scholar 

  • Masse, J. J., & Girard, E. (n.d.). PCIT time-out procedure flipbook. Retrieved from http://www.pcit.org/store/c4/Flip_Books.html.

  • Masse, J. J., Mcneil, C. B., Wagner, S., & Quetsch, L. B. (2016). Examining the efficacy of parent-child interaction therapy with children on the autism spectrum. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(8), 2508–2525.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Masse, J. J., McNeil, C. B., Wagner, S. M., & Chorney, D. B. (2007). Parent-child interaction therapy and high functioning autism: A conceptual overview. Journal of Early and Intensive Behavior Intervention, 4(4), 714–735.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDiarmid, M. D., & Bagner, D. M. (2005). Parent-child interaction therapy for children with disruptive behavior and developmental disabilities. Journal of Education and Treatment of Children, 28(2), 130–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • McEvoy, R. E., Loveland, K. A., & Landry, S. H. (1988). The functions of immediate echolalia in autistic children: A developmental perspective. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 18(4), 657–668.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oink [Def.1]. (n.d.). English Oxford Living Dictionaries Online. Retrieved January 13, 2018, from https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/oink.

  • Prizant, B. M., & Duchan, J. F. (1981). The functions of immediate echolalia in autistic children. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 46(3), 241–249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schopler, E., Reichler, R. J., & Renner, B. R. (1988). Child autism rating scale. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solomon, M., Ono, M., Timmer, S., & Goodlin-Jones, B. (2008). The effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy for families of children on the autism spectrum. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 1767–1776.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sterponi, L., de Kirby, K., & Shankey, J. (2015). Rethinking language in autism. Autism, 19 (5), 517–526.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stone, W., Ousley, O., & Littleford, C. (1997). Motor imitation in young children with autism: What’s the object. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25, 475–485.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wieder, S., & Greenspan, S. I. (2006). Infant and early childhood mental health: The DIR model. In G. M. Foley & J. D. Hochman (Eds.), Mental health in early intervention: Achieving unity in principles and practice (pp. 175–189). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, I. L., Steiner, V. G., & Pond, R. A. (2011). The preschool language scale-5. San Antonio, TX: Pearson.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joshua J. Masse .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Masse, J.J., Warner-Metzger, C.M. (2018). Melding of Two Worlds: Lessons Learned about PCIT and Autism Spectrum Disorders. In: McNeil, C., Quetsch, L., Anderson, C. (eds) Handbook of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for Children on the Autism Spectrum. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03213-5_25

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics