Skip to main content

Characterizing Mathematics Teaching Research Specialists’ Mentoring in the Context of Chinese Lesson Study

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Theory and Practice of Lesson Study in Mathematics

Part of the book series: Advances in Mathematics Education ((AME))

  • 1857 Accesses

Abstract

This study examined how mathematics teaching research specialists mentored practicing teachers during post-lesson debriefs of a lesson study in China. Based on a systematic, fine-grained analysis of 107 h of videotaped mentoring meetings of 20 groups of teachers and teaching research specialists from different elementary schools, this study revealed that the Chinese teaching research specialists paid a great deal of attention to practical knowledge which consists of setting student learning goals, designing instructional tasks, formative assessment of student learning, and improving instructional behaviors. Less attention was paid to mathematics content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge in general. Meanwhile, the teaching research specialists tended to comment on lessons in general and addressed anticipated problems based on their previous experience, with less attention to addressing issues raised by the teachers or engaging in dynamic dialogue with them. On the basis of the data analysis, a framework for analyzing mentoring activities emerged. The strengths and weaknesses of the teaching research specialists’ mentoring strategies are identified through the framework, and suggestions for the improvement of teaching research specialists’ mentoring strategies are discussed.

This chapter is built upon an article that formally appeared in ZDM: Gu, F., Gu, L. (2016). Charachterizing mathematics teaching research specialists’ mentoring in the context of Chinese lesson study. ZDM, 48(4), 441–454.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adler, J., Ball, D. L., Krainer, K., Lin, F. L., & Novotna, J. (2005). Mirror images of an emerging field: Researching mathematics teacher education. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 60, 359–381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bakkenes, I., Vermunt, J. D., & Wubbels, T. (2010). Teacher learning in the context of educational innovations: Learning activities and learning outcomes of experienced teachers. Learning and Instruction, 20, 533–548.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ball, D. L., Thames, M. H., & Phelps, G. (2008). Content knowledge for teaching: What makes it special? Journal of Teacher Education, 59, 389–407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, A. T., Burroughs, E. A., Harmon, S. E., Sutton, J. T., & Yopp, D. A. (2014). Assessing views of coaching via a video-based tool. ZDM-The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 46, 227–238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, G. (2006). Collaborative preparation of instruction. Journal of Education in China, 9, 40–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cochran-Smith, M., & Lytle, S. (1999). Relationships of knowledge and practice: Teacher learning in communities. Review of Research in Education, 24, 249–305.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cong, L. (2011). Silent authority – teaching research system of Chinese basic education. Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of qualitative research (3rd ed.). Los Angeles: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Depaepe, F., Verschaffel, L., & Kelchtermans, G. (2013). Pedagogical content knowledge: A systematic review of the way in which the concepts have pervaded mathematics educational research. Teaching and Teacher Education, 34, 12–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ericsson, K. A., Krampe, R., & Tesch-Romer, C. (1993). The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance. Psychological Review, 100, 363–406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Even, R. (2014). Challenges associated with the professional development of didacticians. ZDM-The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 46, 329–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gu, F., & Gu, L. (in press). Further studies on teaching research specialists. Global Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gu, L., & Wang, J. (2003). Teacher development in education action. Curriculum Textbook and Pedagogy, 1, 9–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gu, L., & Zhu, L. (2012). Preliminary studies on teaching research specialists. Global Education, 8, 31–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Han, X., & Paine, L. (2010). Teaching mathematics as deliberate practice through public lessons. The Elementary School Journal, 110, 519–541.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hart, L. C., Alston, A., & Murata, A. (Eds.). (2011). Lesson study research and practice in mathematics education. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, H. C., Ball, D. L., & Schilling, S. G. (2008). Unpacking pedagogical content knowledge: Conceptualizing and measuring teachers’ topic-specific knowledge of students. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 39, 372–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, R., & Bao, J. (2006). Towards a model for teacher’s professional development in China: Introducing keli. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 9, 279–298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, R., & Li, Y. (2009). Pursuing excellence in mathematics classroom instruction through exemplary lesson development in China: A case study. ZDM Mathematics Education, 41, 297–309.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, R., & Han, X. (2015). Developing mathematics teachers’ competence through parallel lesson study. International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 4, 100–117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, R., Peng, S., Wang, L., & Li, Y. (2010). Secondary mathematics teacher professional development in China. In F. K. S. Leung & Y. Li (Eds.), Reforms and issues in school mathematics in East Asia (pp. 129–152). Rotterdam: Sense.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang, R., Li, Y., Zhang, J., & Li, X. (2011). Improving teachers’ expertise in mathematics instruction through exemplary lesson development. ZDM Mathematics Education, 43, 805–817.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, R., Su, H., & Xu, S. (2014). Developing teachers’ and teaching researchers’ professional competence in mathematics through Chinese lesson study. ZDM – The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 46, 239–251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, R., Xu, S., Su, H., Tang, B., & Strayer, J. (2012, July). Teaching researchers in China: Hybrid functions of researching, supervising and consulting. Paper presented at 12th International Conference on Mathematics Education, July 8–15, 2012 Seoul, Korea.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaworski, B. (2008a). Development of the mathematics teacher educator and its relation to teaching development. In B. Jaworski & T. Wood (Eds.), International handbook of mathematics teacher education: The mathematics teacher educator as a developing professional (Vol. 4, pp. 335–361). Rotterdam: Sense.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaworski, B. (2008b). Building and sustaining inquiry communities in mathematics teaching development: Teachers and didacticians in collaboration. In K. Krainer & T. Wood (Eds.), International handbook of mathematics teacher education: Participants in mathematics teacher education: Individuals, teams, communities and networks (Vol. 3, pp. 309–330). Rotterdam: Sense.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaworski, B., & Huang, R. (2014). Teachers and didacticians: Key stakeholders in the processes of developing mathematics teaching. ZDM -The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 46, 173–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, C., & Hurd, J. (2011). Lesson study step by step: How teacher learning communities improve instruction. Portsmouth: Heinneman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y., Huang, R., Bao, J., & Fan, Y. (2011). Facilitating mathematics teachers’ professional development through ranking and promotion practices in the Chinese mainland. In N. Bednarz, D. Fiorentini, & R. Huang (Eds.), International approaches to professional development of mathematics teachers (pp. 72–87). Ottawa: Ottawa University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin, C., Xin, T., & Shen, J. (1999). Observation of normal education reform based on the structure of teacher knowledge. Teacher Education Research, 66, 12–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma, L. (1999). Knowing and teaching elementary mathematics: Teachers’ understanding of fundamental mathematics in China and the United States. Mahwah: Erlbaum.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Education China [MOE]. (2001). Mathematics curriculum standards (experimental version). Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Education China [MOE]. (2011). Mathematics curriculum standards. Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mudzimiri, R., Burroughs, E. A., Luebeck, J., Sutton, J., & Yopp, D. (2014). A look inside mathematics coaching: Roles, content, and dynamics. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 22(53), 1–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • OECD. (2013). PISA 2012 results: What students know and can do: Student performance in mathematics, reading and science (Vol. 1). Paris: OECD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Qingpu Research Institute. (2012). Teachers “action education”. Curriculum, Teaching Material and Method, 3, 3–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricks, T. E. (2011). Process reflection during Japanese lesson study experiences by prospective secondary mathematics teachers. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 14(4), 251–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruth, H. (2004). Keynote speech. The 49th World Assembly World Assembly Conference. Hong Kong in July 13–17 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schön, D. A. (1983). The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shulman, L. S. (1986). Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching. Educational Researcher, 15, 4–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simon, H. (1996). The sciences of the artificial. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stigler, J., Thompson, B., & Ji, X. (2012). This book speaks to us. In Y. Li & R. Huang (Eds.), How Chinese teach mathematics and improve teaching (pp. 223–231). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sutton, J. T., Burroughs, E. A., & Yopp, D. A. (2011). Coaching knowledge: Domains and definitions. Journal of Mathematics Education Leadership, 13(2), 12–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, A. (2014). The role of the knowledgeable other in lesson study: Examining the final comments of experienced lesson study practitioners. Mathematics Teacher Education and Development, 16(1), 83–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tang, Y. (2014). Rethinking the Chinese education: A perspective of life-oriented education. Shanghai Research on Education, 325, 15–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tatto, M. T., Schwille, J., Senk, S., Ingvarson, L., Peck, R., & Rowley, G. (2008). Teacher education and development study in mathematics (TEDS-M): Policy, practice, and readiness to teach primary and secondary mathematics. Conceptual framework. East Lansing: Teacher Education and Development Inter- national Study Center, College of Education, Michigan State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, J. (2013). Mathematics education in China: Tradition and reality. Singapore: Galeasia Cengage Learning.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, Y. (2009). How a Chinese teacher improved classroom teaching in teaching research group: A case study on Pythagoras theorem teaching in Shanghai. ZDM— The International Journal on Mathematics Education, 41, 279–296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, Y., & Ricks, T. E. (2013). Chinese lesson study: Developing classroom instruction through collaborations in school-based teaching research group activities. In Y. Li & R. Huang (Eds.), How Chinese teach mathematics and improve teaching (pp. 51–65). New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaslavsky. (2008). Meeting the challenges of mathematics teacher education through design and use of tasks that facilitate teacher learning. In B. Jaworski & T. Wood (Eds.), International handbook of mathematics teacher education: The mathematics teacher educator as a developing professional (Vol. 4, pp. 93–114). Rotterdam: Sense.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, C. (2008). Efficacious teaching research: The introduction of teaching research in Chinese basic education. Shanghai: Shanghai Education Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank all of the teachers, teaching research specialists, and researchers who were involved in this joint effort for their dedicated time and expertise. We very much appreciate Dr. Rongjin Huang and Dr. Teresa Schmidt from Middle Tennessee State University for their help in editing and proofreading the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Gu, F., Gu, L. (2019). Characterizing Mathematics Teaching Research Specialists’ Mentoring in the Context of Chinese Lesson Study. In: Huang, R., Takahashi, A., da Ponte, J.P. (eds) Theory and Practice of Lesson Study in Mathematics. Advances in Mathematics Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04031-4_32

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04031-4_32

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-04030-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-04031-4

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics