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Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterial for Artificial Bone Replacement as Filler Material

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Sustainable Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites

Abstract

Recently, significant advancement has achieved in the field of bone tissue engineering for the preparation of artificial bone in order to treat defects or bone loss. Biomaterials mainly used to construct devices that are associated with the biological system to co-exist for long-lasting use with limited chance of failures. Most well-known biomaterials used for bone implants include metals, ceramics, and polymers. At present carbon nanomaterials, particularly carbon nanotubes are promising biomaterials for artificial bone due to their remarkable mechanical, electrical and thermal strength. However, in biomedical applications, carbon nanotubes are restricted to use alone due to issues like toxicity, abacas sheets formation and aggregation. Functionalization techniques help to avoid such issues. Functionalization techniques are categorized into covalent and non-covalent approaches. Covalent approach primarily focuses on tailoring the sidewalls to proceed with the modification, whereas non-covalent are constrained to alter the structure. Furthermore, CNTs are among remarkable biomaterials, and immense successful studies have been conducted to analyse the effects of CNTs with/without polymers in both vivo and in vitro experiments. The purpose of this chapter is to use functionalized carbon nanomaterial, mainly CNTs as filler material for artificial bone replacement. Therefore, this chapter reviewed the bones structure and mechanics, artificial bone history, carbon nanotubes synthesis and functionalization techniques.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, 98009, Sarawak, Malaysia

    Fahad Saleem Ahmed Khan & N. M. Mubarak

  2. Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mohammad Khalid

  3. Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Ezzat Chan Abdullah

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  1. Fahad Saleem Ahmed Khan
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  2. N. M. Mubarak
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  3. Mohammad Khalid
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  4. Ezzat Chan Abdullah
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Correspondence to N. M. Mubarak .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Inamuddin

  2. School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India

    Sabu Thomas

  3. Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India

    Raghvendra Kumar Mishra

  4. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullah M. Asiri

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Khan, F.S.A., Mubarak, N.M., Khalid, M., Abdullah, E.C. (2019). Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterial for Artificial Bone Replacement as Filler Material. In: Inamuddin, Thomas, S., Kumar Mishra, R., Asiri, A. (eds) Sustainable Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05399-4_27

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