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US in Children with Sports Injuries

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Pediatric Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography

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Abstract

The use of ultrasound in evaluating sports injuries among children has been increasing in frequency due to its portability and its relatively quick assessment in the sidelines of a sports activity. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may provide a detailed description of the condition of the injured athlete, assessing children by means of ultrasound can guide the physician as to what decisions to make while in the playing field diagnostically.

One of the most susceptible populations in sports injuries are children who early on are engaged in active sports. It can affect the growing bone and soft tissues. Consequently, this can lead to lifelong damage to the growth mechanisms. Children basically start participating in sports as an enjoyment or part of school activities for health and personal development. But as the child grows and develops a certain skill, a competitive attitude intervenes. As a result, young athletes tend to participate in sports harder and longer. And this is where sports injuries inevitably follow (Shanmugam and Maffulli, Br Med Bull. 86:33–57, 2008).

Two common patterns of injuries are usually observed among pediatric patients. Acute injuries are usually physeal or avulsion fractures due to a traumatic single event, and the other one is overuse injuries which are the result of repetitive stress and usually include the common traction apophysitis (Auringer and Anthony, Semin Musculoskeletal Radiol. 3:247–256, 1999). There are factors that contribute to sports injuries among children. These include gender affiliation, participation level, type of sports, and player position (Caine et al., Clin J Sport Med. 16:500–13, 2006). More objective risk factors may include bone-cartilage interface growth area of the immature skeleton, training error, muscle-tendon imbalance, anatomic malalignment, footwear and playing surface, nutrition, cultural deconditioning, associated disease, and psychological factors (Micheli and Klein, Br J Sp Med. 25(1):6, 1991).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, The Medical City-South Luzon, Santa Rosa, Laguna, Philippines

    Jeimylo C. de Castro

  2. SMARTMD Center for Non-Surgical Pain Interventions, Makati City, Philippines

    Jeimylo C. de Castro

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  1. Jeimylo C. de Castro
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  1. Medway Foundation Trust, King’s College London, London, UK

    Yasser El Miedany

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de Castro, J.C. (2020). US in Children with Sports Injuries. In: El Miedany, Y. (eds) Pediatric Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17824-6_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17824-6_19

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