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Foot-and-Mouth Disease

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Transboundary Animal Diseases in Sahelian Africa and Connected Regions

Abstract

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious transboundary animal disease, causing worldwide an enormous economic impact and remains a present and continuing severe global threat. When designing FMD control strategies in Africa, most precise information on animal husbandry, trade and wildlife is necessary, in order to coordinate a regional approach based on related ecosystem. Following this objective, FMD control in Africa required mass vaccination using suitable quality conventional vaccine containing the relevant antigens that are specific to the region and could eventually limit primary outbreaks and spread of the virus. Ultimately, monitoring the vaccination coverage in the field is an essential tool for success to control and prevent FMD.

The purpose of this chapter on FMD is to provide an update on the status of FMD virus including serotypes/topotypes distribution, role of animal husbandry system and trade in virus transmission, diagnosis and control strategy in the Sahelian Africa and connected regions (North Africa, Arabian Peninsula and sub-Sahelian Africa north of the equator) and, provide perspectives on better strategies for FMD control. Herein, we argue that the region-based vaccination and zoo-sanitary measures as a control strategy in these endemic settings of Sahelian Africa and connected regions are the most suitable approach of FMD control towards eradication.

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Acknowledgements

I am grateful to Dr. Jean Paul Gonzalez for his helpful suggestions on the manuscript and preparing the map of Africa. My great thank goes to Dr. Ahmed Lugelo at the Sokoine University of Agriculture for providing the pictures of FMD lesions.

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  1. Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, International Programs, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA

    Tesfaalem Tekleghiorghis Sebhatu

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ecole Supérieure en Science de l’Aliment et des Industries Agro-Alimentaire, Algiers, Algeria; Laboratoire de Recherche «Santé et Productions Animales», Ecole Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire d’Alger (ENSV), El-Alia, Algiers, Algeria

    Moustafa Kardjadj

  2. UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; ASTRE, Montpellier University, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France, ISRA-LNERV, Dakar-Hann, Senegal

    Adama Diallo

  3. UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; ASTRE, Montpellier University, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier, France

    Renaud Lancelot

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Sebhatu, T.T. (2019). Foot-and-Mouth Disease. In: Kardjadj, M., Diallo, A., Lancelot, R. (eds) Transboundary Animal Diseases in Sahelian Africa and Connected Regions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25385-1_11

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