Abstract
Global conflicts in securing the energy resources and the climate change have propelled the investment in renewable energy (RE) research and deployment in the last two decades. This chapter statistically confirms the relationship between renewable research and energy security and benchmarks the efficiency of the R&D efforts in different RE technologies. Our findings reveal that the inexpensive and abundant natural gas in energy markets restrained the research on energy technologies particularly after 2010. This bears a risk for the diminished capacity of the countries in energy security, especially in bull energy markets. The results of the super-efficiency model of data envelopment analysis (DEA) reveal that the wind and biofuel technologies are the efficiency leaders in R&D, where each dollar spent on their research has a bigger impact on energy security than other RE types. The countries should continue investing on renewable research and develop collective innovation and commercialization strategies, especially in solar, geothermal, and ocean technologies in order to achieve sustainable energy efficiency levels for providing the energy security.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Energy mix is the mixture of the main energy sources which are utilized to generate electricity (e.g., renewables, fossil fuels, or nuclear).
- 2.
To make it easier to analyze and understand, the total analysis timeline is divided into six periods.
References
APERC (Asia Pacific Energy Research Centre) (2007) A quest for energy security in the 21st century resources and constraints. http://aperc.ieej.or.jp. Accessed 03 January 2018
Gökgöz F, Güvercin MT (2018) Energy security and renewable energy efficiency in EU. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 96:226–239
Menegaki AN (2013) Growth and renewable energy in Europe: benchmarking with data envelopment analysis. Renew Energy 60:363–369
Chien T, Hu J (2007) Renewable energy and macroeconomic efficiency of OECD and non-OECD economies. Energy Policy 35:3606–3615
Halkos GE, Tzeremes NG (2012) Analyzing the Greek renewable energy sector: a data envelopment analysis approach. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 16:2884–2893
Domac J, Richards K, Risovic S (2005) Socio-economic drivers in implementing bioenergy projects. Biomass Bioenerg 28:97–106
Frondel M, Ritter N, Schmidt CM, Vance C (2010) Economic impacts from the promotion of renewable energy technologies: the German experience. Energy Policy 38:4048–4056
Pedraza JM (2015) Electrical energy generation in Europe, the current situation and perspectives in the use of renewable energy sources and nuclear power for regional electricity generation. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland
Rosen J (2007) The future role of renewable energy sources in European electricity supply, a model-based analysis for the EU-15. Universitatsverlag Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe
Spellman FR (2015) Environmental impacts of renewable energy. Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL
Lund H (2007) Renewable energy strategies for sustainable development. Energy 32:912–919
Gan L, Eskeland GS, Kolshus HH (2007) Green electricity market development: lessons from Europe and the US. Energy Policy 35:144–155
Blazejczak J, Braun FG, Edler D, Schill W-P (2014) Economic effects of renewable energy expansion: a model-based analysis for Germany. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 40:1070–1080
Gökgöz F (2010) Measuring the financial efficiency and performance of mutual funds in emerging markets: a data envelopment approach for Turkish funds. Acta Oeconomica 60(3):295–330
Halkos GE, Tzeremes NG (2007) International competitiveness in the ICT industry: evaluating the performance of the Top 50 companies. Glob Econ Rev 36(2):167–182
Charnes A, Cooper WW, Rhodes E (1978) Measuring the efficiency of decision-making units. Eur J Oper Res 2:429–444
Cooper WW, Seiford LM, Tone K (2006) Data envelopment analysis a comprehensive text with models, applications, references and DEA-solver software. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht
Banker RD, Charnes A, Cooper WW (1984) Some models for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data envelopment analysis. Manage Sci 30:1078–1092
Zhu J (2014) Quantitative models for performance evaluation and benchmarking: data envelopment analysis with spreadsheets, 3rd edn. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland
IEA (International Energy Agency) (2018) Data services, energy technology RD&D database, 2018 edn. Accessed on 03.01.2018
United Nations, Energy Statistics Database (2019) http://data.un.org/Explorer.aspx?D=EDATA. Accessed 03.01.2019
US Energy Information Administration, Natural Gas Prices (2019) https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/steo/realprices/real_prices.xlsx. Accessed 14.05.2019
Jaiyesimi MT, Osinubi TS, Amaghionyeodiwe L (2017) Energy consumption and GDP in the OECD countries: a causality analysis. Rev of Econ Bus Stud 10(1):9–32
Lee CC (2005) Energy consumption and GDP in developing countries: a cointegrated panel analysis. Energy Econ 27(3):415–427
Soytas U, Sarı R (2003) Energy consumption and GDP: causality relationship in G-7 countries and emerging markets. Energy Econ 25(1):33–37
Davis GA, Owens B (2003) Optimizing the level of renewable electric R&D expenditure using real options analysis. Energy Policy 1:1589–1608
Zhang X-P, Cheng X-M, Yuan J-H, Gao X-J (2011) Total-factor energy efficiency in developing countries. Energy Policy 39:644–650
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Appendix
Appendix
See Table 9.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gökgöz, F., Güvercin, M.T. (2020). Energy Security and Efficiency Analysis of Renewable Technologies. In: Stagner, J., Ting, DK. (eds) Sustaining Resources for Tomorrow. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27676-8_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27676-8_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-27675-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-27676-8
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)