Neurofibroma of Bone

Abstract

Neurofibroma (NF) is a benign neoplasm originating in nerve fascicles and containing Schwann cells, fibroblasts, mast cells, axons, and variable collagen matrix. It is exceedingly rare in bone. NF originates in peripheral nerves at the periosteum, cortex, or vascular marrow. Most cases occur in the head and neck, especially the maxilla. Radiologically, neurofibroma is a radiolucent, well-circumscribed lesion. Relationship to known nerve tracts may suggest the diagnosis. Microscopically, the tumor is not well circumscribed, and its short spindle cells have long, wavy nuclei, with partial positivity for S100. Allelic loss of the NF1 gene region of 17q in Schwann cells is found. Wide resection is recommended to avoid recurrence.