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Beneficial Modulation of the Gut Microbiome: Probiotics and Prebiotics

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How Fermented Foods Feed a Healthy Gut Microbiota

Abstract

The gut microbiota plays a critical role in the overall health of its host. Benefits derived from bacterial members of the gut microbiota can influence host growth, immune response, pathogen colonization, and intestinal physiology. Use of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are emerging as effective mechanisms to selectively modulate composition and function of the gut microbiota. This chapter introduces the concept of probiotics and prebiotics from a historic perspective, and attempts to answer the fundamental questions of the impact of probiotics and prebiotics on microbiome composition in health versus disease states, colonization of the human gut by probiotics (is it necessary?), and how the food or product matrix impact probiotic delivery and effect. The conclusion of this chapter focuses on the next generation of probiotics: novel species and bacterial consortia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    M. Andrea Azcarate-Peril

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  1. M. Andrea Azcarate-Peril
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Correspondence to M. Andrea Azcarate-Peril .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    M. Andrea Azcarate-Peril

  2. School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Roland R. Arnold

  3. Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA

    José M. Bruno-Bárcena

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Azcarate-Peril, M.A. (2019). Beneficial Modulation of the Gut Microbiome: Probiotics and Prebiotics. In: Azcarate-Peril, M., Arnold, R., Bruno-Bárcena, J. (eds) How Fermented Foods Feed a Healthy Gut Microbiota. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28737-5_13

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