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Evaluation of the Pulmonary System

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Neurologic and Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Larynx

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Abstract

Neurological conditions affecting the larynx often coincide with respiratory issues, highlighting the importance of multispecialty care of these patients that includes pulmonologists. In this chapter, we provide a background on pulmonary evaluation and discuss several potential issues: Laryngeal dysfunction may mimic respiratory disease, with symptoms such as shortness of breath and abnormal airway sounds. In many diseases of the larynx, laryngeal dysfunction leads to a risk of pulmonary aspiration and pneumonia. In neuromuscular conditions, concurrent respiratory muscle weakness must be recognized for proper comprehensive care and perioperative evaluation. Increasingly, patients with respiratory muscle weakness are managed with noninvasive respiratory support including noninvasive ventilation and airway clearance modalities. In patients with severe laryngeal dysfunction, treatment including tracheostomy and possible mechanical ventilation (e.g., invasive approach) may still be warranted but should be evaluated with consideration of the patient’s values and preferences.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California–San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

    Jeremy E. Orr

  2. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurological Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

    Lisa F. Wolfe

Authors
  1. Jeremy E. Orr
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  2. Lisa F. Wolfe
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Correspondence to Jeremy E. Orr .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Philip A. Weissbrod

  2. Division of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA

    David O. Francis

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Orr, J.E., Wolfe, L.F. (2020). Evaluation of the Pulmonary System. In: Weissbrod, P., Francis, D. (eds) Neurologic and Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Larynx. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28852-5_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28852-5_9

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-28851-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-28852-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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