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Lung Cancer Receptors and Targeting Strategies

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Targeted Intracellular Drug Delivery by Receptor Mediated Endocytosis

Part of the book series: AAPS Advances in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Series ((AAPS,volume 39))

Abstract

Lung cancer still remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Till now, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) have effectively responded to conventional therapy. However, because of cancer nature and subsequent side effects of conventional therapy, inventing novel drug targets for lung cancer therapies has become essential. The disease management recently has seen a paradigm shift with the advent of next-generation sequencing, which has extensively affected the disease prognosis and hence led to newer targeted therapies. Receptors particularly have played an important role as molecular targets and hence presented new opportunities for intracellular targeting of drug delivery systems. Such approach for therapy not only improves the efficacy of the drug but also reduces the overall systemic cytotoxicity. This chapter extensively focuses on such receptors targeted for lung cancer therapy. Further, the role of receptors like epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-MET, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been discussed with respect to their appropriate ligand(s) binding and developed nanocarrier system for targeting. In addition, this chapter presents the current status of clinical outcomes of conventional drugs in targeting these receptors and thus improving the overall survival rate in patients suffering from this dreaded disease.

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Abbreviations

ADC:

Adenocarcinomas

ALK

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase

AREG

Amphiregulin

ADCC

Antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate

ADAM

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase

BTC

Betacellulin

CRR

Confirmed response rate

EGF

Epidermal growth factor

EPG

Epigen

EPR

Epiregulin

EGFR

Epidermal growth factor receptor

Grb2

Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2

HAP

Hypoxia-activated prodrugs

HIF-1α

Hypoxia inducible factor-1α

HGF

Hepatocyte growth factor

HGFR

Hepatocyte growth factor receptor

HB-EGF

Heparin-binding EGF

mAbs

Monoclonal antibodies

MAPK

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

NSCLC

Non-small cell lung cancer

NRG

Neuregulins

ORR

Objective response rate

PI3K

Phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase

PLC

Phospholipase C

PLC-γ

Phospholipase C-γ

PEI

Polyethylenimine

RTKs

Receptor tyrosine kinases

SCC

Squamous cell carcinomas

SCLC

Small cell lung cancer

STATs

Signal transducers and activators of transcription

SAR

Structure activity relationship

ScFv

Single chain variable fragment

TGF-α

Transforming growth factor alpha

TKIs

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

TGFβ1

Transforming growth factor beta 1

TNFα

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

VEGF

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences &Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, India

    Uday Koli & P. Nagendra

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Insitute of Chemical Technology, Deemed University, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence, Government of Maharashtra, Mumbai, India

    Padma V. Devarajan & Prajakta Dandekar

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, India

    Anomitra Dey & Ratnesh Jain

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    Padma V. Devarajan

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Insitute of Chemical Technology Deemed University, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence Government of Maharashtra, Mumbai, India

    Prajakta Dandekar

  3. Piramal Enterprises Limited, Pharmaceutical R&D, Mumbai, India

    Anisha A. D'Souza

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Koli, U., Dey, A., Nagendra, P., Devarajan, P.V., Jain, R., Dandekar, P. (2019). Lung Cancer Receptors and Targeting Strategies. In: Devarajan, P., Dandekar, P., D'Souza, A. (eds) Targeted Intracellular Drug Delivery by Receptor Mediated Endocytosis. AAPS Advances in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Series, vol 39. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29168-6_8

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