Abstract
This chapter explores the extent to which external factors, policy measures of the Czech ministry of interior and domestic political actors influenced the emergence of migration policy as a new policy field. It inspects whether or not EU incentives for adaptation and compliance disappeared after the EU accession. It finds that the adoption of the EU legal framework impacted on national policy-making but was too general to serve as a policy template. Similarly, the impact of domestic political factors was limited due to government instability. A stronger programmatic focus has only developed since 2011. Czech migration policy was politicised during the European refugee crisis 2015/16 which expedited its emergence as an autonomous policy field.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Including directive 2008/115/EC (Common standards and procedures in Member States for returning illegally staying third-country nationals), directive 2009/52/EC (Minimum standards on sanctions and measures against employers of illegally staying third-country nationals), directive 2009/50/ EC (Conditions of entry and residence of third-country nationals for the purpose of highly qualified employment).
References
Anagnost, Stephan. 2000. Challenges Facing Asylum System Policy Development in Europe: Preliminary Lessons Learned from the Central European and the Baltic States. International Journal of Refugee Law 12: 380–400.
Baršová, Andrea, and Pavel Barša. 2005. Přisteˇhovalectví a liberální stát. Imigrační a integrační politiky v USA, západní Evropě a Česku. Brno: Masarykova univerzita v Brně, Mezinárodní politologický ústav.
Bendel, Petra. 2011. Asylum and Migration Policy. In Policies Within the EU Multi-Level System. Instruments and Strategies of European Governance, ed. Hubert Heinelt and Michèle Knodt, 371–384. Baden-Baden: Nomos.
Blahoutová, Tereza. 2013. An Overview of the Migration Policies and Trends – Czech Republic. http://migrationonline.cz/en/an-overview-of-the-migration-policies-and-trends. Accessed October 19, 2019.
Börzel, Tanja Anita, and Diana Panke. 2015. Europäisierung. In Handbuch Policy-Forschung, ed. Georg Wenzelburger and Reimut Zohlnhöfer, 225–245. Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
Börzel, Tanja Anita, and Thomas Risse. 2003. Conceptualizing the Domestic Impact of Europe. In The Politics of Europeanization, ed. Kevin Featherstone and Claudio M. Radaelli, 57–80. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.
Čaněk, Marek, and Pavel Čižinský. 2011. The Case of the Czech Republic. In Migration Policymaking in Europe: The Dynamics of Actors and Contexts in Past and Present, ed. Giovanna Zincone, Rinus Penninx, and Maren Borkert, 327–346. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
Commission of the European Communities. 2002. Strategiepapier und Bericht der Europäischen Kommission über die Fortschritte jedes Bewerberlandes auf dem Weg zum Beitritt. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/de/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52002DC0700. Accessed October 19, 2019.
Drbohlav, Dušan. 2001. The Czech Republic. In Claire Wallace and Dariusz Stola, eds. Patterns of Migration in Central Europe, 203-226. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
———. 2005. Česká republika je stále ve vleku harmonizace s Evropskou unií, v naplň ování vlastní migrač ní a integrační politiky má ještě mnohé rezervy. https://migraceonline.cz/cz/e-knihovna/rozhovor-s-dusanem-drbohlavem-ceska-republika-je-stale-ve-vleku-harmonizace-s-evropskou-unii-v-naplnovani-vlastni-migracni. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2012. Patterns of Immigration in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. A Comparative Perspective. In European Immigrations: Trends, Structures and Policy Implications, ed. Marek Okólski, 179–209. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
———. 2015. The Czech Republic: From Liberal Policy to EU Membership. http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/czech-republic-liberal-policy-eu-membership. Accessed October 19, 2019.
Drbohlav, Dušan et al. 2009. The Czech Republic: On Its Way from Emigration to Immigration Country. http://www.idea6fp.uw.edu.pl/pliki/WP11_Czech_Republic.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
Eurostat 2016. Asylum and first time asylum applicants - annual aggregated data (rounded). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tps00191/default/table. Accessed: 15th February 2018.
European Commission. 1998. Regular Report from the Commission on the Czech Republic’s Progress towards Accession. https://ec.europa.eu/neighbourhood-enlargement/sites/near/files/archives/pdf/key_documents/1998/czech_en.pdf. Accessed: 15th May 2017.
———. 1999. Regular Report on the Czech Republic’s Progress Towards Accession. https://ec.europa.eu/neighbourhood-enlargement/sites/near/files/archives/pdf/key_documents/1999/czech_en.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2000. Regular Report on the Czech Republic’s Progress Towards Accession. http://aei.pitt.edu/44558/. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2001. Regular Report on the Czech Republic’s Progress Towards Accession. http://aei.pitt.edu/44559/1/czech_2001.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2002. Regular Report on the Czech Republic’s Progress Towards Accession. https://ec.europa.eu/neighbourhood-enlargement/sites/near/files/archives/pdf/key_documents/2002/cz_en.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2003. Comprehensive Monitoring Report on the Czech Republic’s Progress Towards Accession. http://ec.europa.eu/development/body/organisation/docs/CMR_CZ.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
European Migration Network. 2009. Annual Policy Report 2008 Czech Republic. https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/networks/european_migration_network/reports/docs/annual-policy/2009/05._czech_republic_annual_policy_report_2009_final_version_1mar10_en.pdf. Accessed: 12th February 2018.
———. 2012. Country Factsheet: Czech Republic 2012. https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/networks/european_migration_network/reports/docs/country-factsheets/czech-republic-emn-ountry-facthseet_en.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2013. Country Factsheet: Czech Republic 2013. https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/networks/european_migration_network/reports/docs/country-factsheets/06.czech_republic_emn_country_factsheet_2013.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2014. Country Factsheet: Czech Republic 2014. https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/networks/european_migration_network/reports/docs/country-factsheets/06.czech_republic_emn_cf_2014.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2015. Country Factsheet: Czech Republic 2015. https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/networks/european_migration_network/reports/docs/country-factsheets/06a_czech_republic_country_factsheet_2015.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2016. Annual Report on Asylum and Migration Policy Czech Republic. https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/06a_czech_republic_apr_part2_en.pdf. Accessed: 14th February 2018.
European Parliament. 1998. Migration and Asylum in Central and Eastern Europe. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/workingpapers/libe/pdf/104_en.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
Faist, Thomas, and Andreas Ette. 2007. The Europeanization of National Policies and Politics of Immigration: Research, Questions and Concepts. In The Europeanization of National Policies and Politics of Immigration. Between Autonomy and the European Union, ed. Thomas Faist and Andreas Ette, 3–31. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Fellmer, Simon. 2008. Europäische Migrationspolitik gegenüber Drittstaatangehörigen. Ein klubtheoretischer Deutungsansatz zum Vergemeinschaftungswillen der Nationalstaaten. In Uwe Hunger et al., Migrations- und Integrationsprozesse in Europa. Vergemeinschaftung oder nationalstaatliche Lösungswege?, 101–122. Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
Grabbe, Heather. 2001. How Does Europeanisation Affect CEE Governance? Conditionality, Diffusion and Diversity. Journal of European Public Policy 8: 1013–1031.
———. 2002. European Union Conditionality and the Acquis Communautaire. International Political Science Review 23: 249–268.
———. 2003. Europeanization Goes East: Power and Uncertainty in the EU Accession Process. In The Politics of Europeanization, ed. Kevin Featherstone and Claudio M. Radaelli, 303–331. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Heinelt, Hubert. 2014. Politikfelder: Machen Besonderheiten von Policies einen Unterschied? In Lehrbuch der Politikfeldanalyse, ed. Klaus Schubert and Nils C. Bandelow, 133–150. München: Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag.
Kösemen, Orkan. 2005. Institutioneller Wandel und europäische Integration: Der Einfluß des EU-Beitrittsprozesses auf die Politikgestaltung in Polen, Tschechien und Ungarn. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
Kuschel, Hans-Dieter. 1992. Die Europaabkommen der EG mit Polen, Ungarn und der CSFR. Wirtschaftsdienst 72: 93–100.
Miciukiewicz, Konrad. 2011. Migration and Asylum in Central Eastern Europe: The Impacts of European Integration. In (Post)transformational Migration. Inequalities, Welfare State and Horizontal Mobility, ed. Marek Nowak and Michal Nowosielski, 177–200. Frankfurt/Main: Peter Lang.
Ministerstvo vnitra České republiky. 1997. Informace o situaci v oblasti migrace na území České republiky v roce 1996. http://www.psp.cz/eknih/1996ps/tisky/t019000a.htm. Accessed October 19, 2019.
Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic. 2006. Status Report on Migration in the Czech Republic 2005. www.legislationline.org/documents/id/7410. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2009. Status Report on Migration in the Czech Republic 2008. https://www.mvcr.cz/mvcren/article/migration.aspx. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2015. Number of Dublin Cases in Period from May 2004 to October 2015. http://www.mvcr.cz/mvcren/article/asylum-migration-integration-asylum.aspx?q=Y2hudW09NA%3d%3d. Accessed October 19, 2019.
———. 2017. Organizational Structure of the Ministry of the Interior. http://www.mvcr.cz/mvcren/article/organisation-620896.aspx. Accessed October 19, 2019.
National Contact Point of the Czech Republic to the European Migration Network.
———. 2010. EMN Annual Policy Report 2010 Czech Republic. https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/networks/european_migration_network/reports/docs/annual-policy/2010/05.czech_republic_annual_policy_report_2010_final_version_12april2011_en.pdf. Accessed October 19, 2019.
National Contact Point of the Czech Republic to the European Migration Network. 2012. EMN Annual Policy Report 2012 Czech Republic. https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/networks/european_migration_network/reports/docs/annual-policy/2012/czech_republic_annual_policy_report_2012_finaleng_en.pdf. Accessed: 29th January 2018.
Schimmelfennig, Frank, and Ulrich Sedelmeier. 2004. Governance by Conditionality: EU Rule Transfer to the Candidate Countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Journal of European Public Policy 11: 661–679.
Shevel, Oxana. 2011. Migration, Refugee Policy, and State Building in Postcommunist Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tomei, Verònica. 2000. Europäisierung nationaler Migrationspolitik. Eine Studie zur Veränderung von Regieren in Europa. Stuttgart: Lucius & Lucius.
Vodička, Karel. 2010. Das politische System Tschechiens. In Die politischen Systeme Osteuropas, ed. Wolfgang Ismayr, 275–316. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
Wenzelburger, Georg, and Reimut Zohlnhöfer. 2015. Konzepte und Begriffe in der Vergleichenden Policy-Forschung. In Georg Wenzelburger and Reimut Zohlnhöfer, ed. Handbuch Policy-Forschung, 15–32. Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
Wienroth, Matthias, and Dirk Postler. 2013. Tschechien. In Handbuch Europäischer Migrationspolitiken. Die EU-Länder, ed. Wolfgang Gieler and Dietmar Fricke. Berlin: Lit Verlag.
Zincone, Giovanna, and Tiziana Caponio. 2006. The Multilevel Governance of Migration. In The Dynamics of International Migration and Settlement in Europe. A State of the Art, ed. Rinus Penninx, Maria Berger, and Karen Kraal, 269–304. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Beger, P. (2020). A Product of Europeanisation or of National Handwriting? The Formation and Development of the Czech Migration Policy. In: Lorenz, A., Formánková, H. (eds) Czech Democracy in Crisis. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40006-4_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40006-4_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-40005-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-40006-4
eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)