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Role of Nrf2 in Oxidative and Inflammatory Processes in Obesity and Metabolic Diseases

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Nrf2 and its Modulation in Inflammation

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR,volume 85))

Abstract

Excessive fat accumulation in adipocytes leads to obesity, which is a major contributing risk factor for many metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. A number of studies showed that overnutrition causes oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation, which both play a crucial role both in obesity prevention and in the development of obesity-related complications. Adipose tissue, especially in the visceral compartment, is considered not only as an energy depository tissue, but also as an active endocrine organ releasing a variety of biologically active molecules known as adipokines, with many of them having pro-inflammatory properties. Here, we summarize current data on the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation in obesity, with emphasis on metabolic switches and the involvement of redox-responsive signaling pathways such as NF-κB and Nfr2. Experimental data suggest the dual role of Nrf2 signaling in prevention and aggravation of obesity and obesity-related inflammation; the potential mechanisms of Nrf2 duality are discussed.

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Abbreviations

AGEs:

Advanced glycation end products

BAT:

Brown adipose tissue

BMI:

Body mass index

CEBPβ:

CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β

ETC :

Electron transport chain

FFAs:

Free fatty acids

FoxO :

Forkhead box O family of proteins

GSK3:

Glycogen synthase kinase 3

HO-1:

Heme oxygenase-1

IL:

Interleukin

Keap1:

Kelch-like ECH-associated protein (Nrf2 repressor protein)

Keap1-KO:

Keap1 knock-out

LDL :

Low-density lipoprotein

LPS :

Lipopolysaccharide

MCP-1:

Monocyte chemoattractant protein

MetS:

Metabolic syndrome

Neh :

Nrf2-ECH homology functional domains of nuclear-related factor 2

NF-κB :

Nuclear factor-κB

NOX :

NADPH oxidase

Nrf2:

Nuclear-related factor 2

Nrf2-KO:

Nrf2 knock-out

PAI-1:

Plasminogen activator inhibitor

PPARγ :

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ

RCS :

Reactive carbonyl species

ROS :

Reactive oxygen species

TAG:

Triacylglycerides

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

WAT:

White adipose tissue

β-TrCP:

β-transducin repeat-containing protein

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Acknowledgments

The work was partially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (#0118 U00347).

Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests regarding the publication of this article.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine

    Maria M. Bayliak & Oleksandra B. Abrat

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  1. Department of Biology, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN, USA

    Huai Deng

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Bayliak, M.M., Abrat, O.B. (2020). Role of Nrf2 in Oxidative and Inflammatory Processes in Obesity and Metabolic Diseases. In: Deng, H. (eds) Nrf2 and its Modulation in Inflammation. Progress in Inflammation Research, vol 85. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44599-7_7

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