Abstract
The fundamental concept underlying the theory and practice of control engineering is negative feedback (normally simply referred to as feedback). Feedback is the use of a measurement of some aspect of system behavior to correct or adjust that behavior. Artefacts exhibiting deliberate use of feedback have been extant for over two thousand years, but the English word “feedback” dates from 1920 when it was used to describe parasitic connections in a wireless amplifier which resulted in local oscillations’.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Airy, G. B., 1840, “On the regulator of the clock-work for effecting uniform movement of equatoreals”, Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society, 11: 249–267.
Airy, G. B., 1851, “Supplement to paper ‘On the regulator of the clock-work for effecting uniform movement of equatoreals’ ”,Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society, 20: 115–119.
Bellman, R., 1954, “The theory of dynamic programming”, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, 60: 503–516.
Bellman, R., 1957, Dynamic Programming, Princeton (N.J.), Princeton University Press.
Bellman, R. and Kalaba, R., 1964, Selected Papers on Mathematical Trends in Control Theory, New York, Dover.
Bennett, S., 1979, A History of Control Engineering 1800–1930, Stevenage, Peter Peregrinus.
Bennett, S., 1984, “Nicolas Minorsky and the automatic steering of ships”, IEEE Control Systems, 4: 10–15.
Bennett, S., 1993, A History of Control Engineering 1930–1955, Stevenage, Peter Pergrinus.
Bittanti, S. and Picci, G. (eds.), 1996, Identification, Adaptation,Learning: The Science of Learning Models from Data, Berlin, Springer
Black, H. S., 1934, “Stabilized feedback amplifiers”, Bell System Technical Journal, 13: 1–18.
Black, H. S., 1977, “Inventing the negative feedback amplifier”, IEEE Spectrum, 14: 55–60.
Bode, H. W., 1940, “Relations between attenuation and phase in feedback amplifier design”, Bell System Technical Journal, 19: 421–454.
Bode, H. W., 1945, Network Analysis and Feedback Amplifier Design, Princeton (N.J.), Van Nostrand.
Bush, V., 1929, Operational Circuit Analysis, New York, Wiley.
Carslaw, H. S. and Jaeger, J. C., 1941, Operational Methods in Applied Mathematics, Oxford, Clarendon Press (2nd ed., 1947).
Carson, J. R. 1925, “Electric circuit theory and the operational calculus”, Bell System Technical Journal, 4: 685–761.
Carson, J. R., 1926, “Electric circuit theory and the operational calculus”, Bell System Technical Journal, 5: 50–95, 336–384.
Carson, J. R., 1926, Electric Circuit Theory and the Operational Calculus, New York, McGraw-Hill.
Chaitin, G. J., 1987, Algorithmic Information Theory, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Churchill, R. V., 1944, Modern Operational Mathematics in Engineering, New York, McGraw-Hill.
Doetsch, G., 1937, Theorie und Anwendung der Laplace-Transformation, Berlin, Springer.
Dorato, P., 1996, “Control history from 1960”, in: Proceedings of the 13th Triennial World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control (Gertler, J. J., Cruz, J. B., and Peshkin, M., eds.), San Francisco, Pergamon Press: 129–134.
Edwards, P. N., 1996, The Closed World: Computers and the Politics of Discourse in Cold War America, Cambridge (Mass.), MIT Press.
Eykhoff, P., 1974, System Identification: Parameter and State Estimation, London, John Wiley & Sons.
Forrester, J. W., 1961, Industrial Dynamics, Cambridge (Mass.), MIT Press. Forrester, J. W., 1971, World Dynamics, Cambridge (Mass.), Wright-Allen Press.
Gardner, M. A. and Barnes, J. L., 1942, Transients in Linear Systems, New York, Wiley.
Hurewicz, W., 1947, “Filters and servo systems with pulsed data”, in: James, Nichols, and Phillips 1947: 231–261.
Hurwitz, A., 1895, “Über die Bedingungen, unter welchen eine Gleichung nur Wurzeln mit negativen reelen Theilen besitzt”, Mathematische Annalen, 46: 273–280.
James, H. M, Nichols, N. B., and Phillips, R. S., 1947, Theory of Servomechanisms, Radiation Laboratory Series, New York, McGraw-Hill.
Kalman, R. E., 1961, “On the general theory of control systems”, in: Proceedings of Automatic and Remote Control, Proceedings of the First International Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control,Moscow, 1960 (Coales, J. F., ed.), London, Butterworths: 481–492.
Kalman, R. E. and Bucy, R. S., 1961, “New results in linear filtering and prediction theory”, Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Journal of Basic Engineering, 83, series D: 95–108.
Kline, S. J., 1995, Conceptual Foundations for Multidisciplinary Thinking, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Kullstam, Per A., 1991, “Heaviside’s Operational Calculus: Oliver’s Revenge”, IEEE Transactions on Education, 34 (2): 155–166.
Kullstam, Per A., 1992, “Heaviside’s operational calculus applied to electrical circuit problems”, IEEE Transactions on Education, 35 (4): 266–277.
Leitch, R. R., 1989, “A review of the approaches to the qualitative modelling of complex systems”, in: Trends in Information Technology (Linkens, D. A., ed.), Stevenage, Peter Peregrinus: 278–297.
Levinson, N., 1966, “Wiener’s Life”, Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, 72: 27.
Ljung, L., 1996, “Developments of system identification”, in: Proceedings of the 13th Triennial World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control (Gertler, J. J., Cruz, J. B., and Peshkin, M., eds.), San Francisco: 141–146.
Ljung, L., Sjoberg, J., and Hjalmarsson, H., 1996, “On neural network model structures in system identification”, in: Bittanti and Picci 1996: 366–399.
MacFarlane, A. G. J., 1970, Dynamical System Models, London, George G. Harrap.
MacFarlane, A. G. J., 1979, “The development of frequency-response methods in automatic control”, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, AC-24: 250–265.
MacFarlane, A. G. J., 1993, “Information, knowledge and control”, in: Trentelman and Willems 1993: 1–28.
Mamdani, E.H., 1974, “Application of fuzzy algorithms for control of a simple plant”, Proceedings of the IEE, 212: 1585–1588.
Masani, P. R., 1990, Norbert Wiener 1894–1964, Basel, Birkhäuser Verlag.
Maxwell, J. C., 1859, On the Stability of Motion of Saturn’s Rings, Cambridge, Macmillan. Maxwell, J. C., 1868, “On Governors”, Proceedings of the Royal Society, 16: 270–283.
Mayr, O., 1970, The Origins of Feedback Control, Cambridge (Mass.), MIT Press.
Mayr, O., 1971a, “Victorian physicists and speed regulation: an encounter between science and technology”, Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London, 26: 205–228
Mayr, O., 1971b, “James Clerk Maxwell and the origins of cybernetics”, Isis, 62: 425–444.
Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. L., Randers, J., and Behrens, W. W. III, 1972, The Limits to Growth, London, Pan Books.
Mindell, D. A., 2000, “Automation’s finest hour: radar and system integration in World War II”, in: Systems, Experts,and Computers: The Systems Approach in Management and Engineering World War II and After (Hughes A.C. and Hughes, T. P., eds.), Cambridge (Mass.), MIT Press: 27–56.
Minorsky, N., 1922, “Directional stability of automatically steered bodies”, Journal of the American Society of Naval Engineers, 342: 280–309.
Moigno, F. L. N. M., 1840–1861, Leçons de calcul différentiel et de calcul intégral, rédigées d’après les méthodes et les ouvrages publiés ou inédits de M. A.-L. Cauchy, 3 vols., Paris, Bachelier.
Nyquist, H., 1932, “Regeneration theory”, Bell System Technical Journal, 11: 126–147.
O’Neill, E. F., 1985, A History of Engineering and Science in the Bell System: Transmission Technology (1925–1975), AT & T Bell Laboratories.
Owens, L., 1986, “Vannevar Bush and the differential analyzer: the text and context of an early computer”, Technology and Culture, 27: 63–95.
Poincaré, H., 1892–1899, Méthodes nouvelles de la mécanique céleste, 3 vols., Paris, Gauthier-Villars.
Rosenbrock, H. H., 1962, “Distinctive problems of process control”, Chemical Engineering Progress, 58: 43–50.
Rosenbrock, H. H., 1966, “On the design of linear multivariable control systems”, in: Proceedings of Third IFAC World Congress (McLellan, G. D. S., ed.), London, Butterworth: 1–16.
Rosenbrock, H. H., 1969, “Design of multivariable systems using the inverse Nyquist array”, Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, 116: 1929–1936.
Routh, E. J., 1874, “Stability of a dynamical system with two independent motions”, Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, 5: 92–99.
Routh, E. J., 1877, A Treatise on the Stability of Motion, London, Macmillan (reprinted with an introduction by A. T. Fuller as Stability of Motion, London, Taylor & Francis, 1976).
Simon, H. A., 1952, “On the application of servomechanism theory in the study of production control”, Econometrica, 20: 247–268.
Simon, H. A., 1996, The Sciences of the Artificial,3rd ed., Cambridge (Mass.), MIT Press.
Slotine, J. J. E. and Sanner, R. M., 1993. “Neural networks for adaptive control and recursive identification: a theoretical framework”, in: Trentelman and Willems 1993: 381–436.
Sontag, E. D., 1993, “Neural networks for control”, in: Trentelman and Willems 1993: 341–380.
Sterman, J. D., 1989, “Modeling managerial behavior: misperceptions of feedback in a dynamic decision making experiment”, Management Science, 35(3): 321–339.
Stodola, A. B., 1893, 1894, “Über die Regulierung von Turbinen”, Schweizer Bauzeitung,22: 113–117,121–122,126–128,134–135; and 23: 108–112, 115–117.
Thomson, W. and Tait, P. G., 1867, A Treatise on Natural Philosophy, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Tong, R. M., 1977, “A control engineering review of fuzzy systems”, Automatica, 13: 559–569.
Trentelman, H. L. and Willems, J. C. (eds.), 1993, Essays on Control: Perspectives in the Theory and its Applications, Boston (Mass.), Birkhäuser.
Tsypkin, Ya Z., 1956, “Frequency method of analysing intermittment regulating systems”, in: Frequency Response (Oldenburger, R., ed.), New York, Macmillan: 309–341.
Tustin, A., 1953, Mechanism of Economic Systems, London, Heinemann.
Vincenti, W. G., 1990, What Engineers Know and How They Know It: Analytical Studies from Aeronautical History, Baltimore (MD), Johns Hopkins University Press.
Vyschnegradski, I. A., 1876, “Mémoire sur la théorie génerale de régulateurs”, Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences, 83: 318–321.
Vyschnegradski, I. A., 1877, “0 regulyatorakh pryamogo deystvia” (On direct-action regula-tors), Izvestiya Peterburgskogo prakticheskogo tekhnologicheskogo instituta, 1: 21–62.
Vyschnegradski, I. A., 1877, “Über directwirkende Regulatoren”, Civilingenieur, 22: 95–131.
Vyschnegradski, I. A., 1878, 1879, “Mémoire sur la théorie génerale de régulateurs”, Revue Universelle des Mines, 2“ series, 4: 1–38 and 5: 192–227.
Weld, D. G. and de Kleer, J. (eds.), 1989, Readings in Qualitative Reasoning about Physical Systems, San Mateo (Cal.), Morgan Kaufman.
Wiener, N., 1931, “Generalized Harmonic Analysis”, Acta Mathematica, 55: 117–258.
Wiener, N.,, 1942, The extrapolation,interpolation and smoothing of stationary time series with engineering applications, Office for Scientific Research and Development Report 370.
Wiener, N., 1948, Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, Cambridge (Mass.), MIT Press.
Wiener, N., 1949, The Extrapolation,Interpolation and Smoothing of Stationary Time Series with Engineering Applications, Cambridge (Mass.), MIT Press.
Willems, J. C., 1996, “From data to state model”, in: Bittanti and Picci 1996: 184–245.
Zadeh, L.A., 1962, “From circuit theory to system theory”, Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 50: 856–865.
Zadeh, L. A., 1965, “Fuzzy sets”, Information and Control, 8: 338–353.
Zadeh, L. A., 1973, “Outline of a new approach to the analysis of complex systems”, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 3: 28–44.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer Basel AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bennett, S. (2004). Technological Concepts and Mathematical Models in the Evolution of Control Engineering. In: Gasca, A.M., Lucertini, M., Nicolò, F. (eds) Technological Concepts and Mathematical Models in the Evolution of Modern Engineering Systems. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7951-4_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7951-4_5
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-9633-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-7951-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive