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A Diet for Dopaminergic Neurons?

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Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra

Part of the book series: Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa ((NEURALTRANS,volume 73))

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, which unfortunately is still fatal. Since the discovery of dopamine (DA) neuronal cell loss within the substantia nigra in PD, the past decades have seen the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the degenerative process advance at a very impressive rate. Nevertheless, there is at present no cure for PD. Although there are no proven therapies for prevention, a large body of evidence from animal studies has highlighted the paramount role of dietary factors in counteracting DA degeneration. Consistently, associations between the risk of developing PD and the intake of nutrients, individual foods, and dietary patterns have been recently shown. Therefore, promoting healthy lifestyle choices such as a Mediterranean diet might be the key to reducing the risk of PD.

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Abbreviations

%CoQ10:

Percentage of oxidized/total CoQ10

6-OHDA:

6-hydroxydopamine

AD:

Alzheimer disease

BMI:

Body Max Index

CoQ10:

Coenzyme Q10

CSF:

cerebrospinal fluid

DA:

Dopamine

DATATOP-study:

Deprenyl and Alpha-Tocopherol Antioxidative Therapy of Prakinsonism

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid

DOPAC:

3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid

EGCG:

(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate

GSH:

Glutathione

HD:

Huntington’s disease

HVA:

Homovanillic acid

KGDH:

Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

MPP+ :

1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridium

MPTP:

N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine

MUFAs:

Monounsaturated fatty acids

NSAIDs:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

PAQUID:

Personnes Agees Quid

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

PINK1:

PTEN induced putative kinase 1

PUFAs:

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

SNc:

Substantia nigra pars compacta

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TH:

Tyrosine hydroxylase

TH-ir:

Tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive

USDA:

United States Department of Agriculture

Vitamin C:

Ascorbic acid

Vitamin E:

α-tocopherol

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported in part by Ateneo di Palermo research funding, project ORPA068JJ5, coordinator G.D. The author thanks Dr. Clare and Samantha Austen for their dietary intervention and advice.

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  1. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Fisiologia Umana “G. Pagano”, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tuköry 129, 90134, Palermo, Italy

    Giuseppe Di Giovanni

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  1. Giuseppe Di Giovanni
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  1. Fac. Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory 129, Palermo, 90134, Italy

    Giuseppe Giovanni

  2. Mario Negri, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche, Via Nazionale 8, Santa Maria Imbaro, 66030, Italy

    Vincenzo Di Matteo

  3. Mario Negri, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche, Via Nazionale 8, Santa Maria Imbaro, 66030, Italy

    Ennio Esposito

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Di Giovanni, G. (2009). A Diet for Dopaminergic Neurons?. In: Giovanni, G., Di Matteo, V., Esposito, E. (eds) Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra. Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa, vol 73. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-92660-4_27

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