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The Indigent Physician: 1874–1877

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Charles-Edouard Brown-Séquard

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Abstract

Following the death of his wife, Brown-Séquard was extremely depressed, sick and indecisive. He moved from America to Ireland and from there to England and finally to Paris where in December 1875, he vehemently debated with Charcot on the localization of functions of the cerebral cortex. Penniless, inactive, restless, he applied for the vacant Professorship of Physiology at the University of Geneva but resigned the day after his nomination. He made the acquaintance of the widow Elizabeth Emma Doherty and eventually married her in March 1877 and immediately after, left with her for the United States.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Berthelot MPE (1898) The Life and Work of Brown-Séquard. From the Smithsonian Report for 1898. Translated from the Revue Scientifique 1: 802–812, 1896. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1899, p. 690.

  2. 2.

    Broca PP (1861) Remarques sur le siège de la faculté du langage articulé; suivies d’une observation d’aphémie (perte de la parole). Bulletin de la Société anatomique (Paris) 6: 350–357, 397–407.

  3. 3.

    Fritsch G, Hitzig E (1870) Uber die elektrische Errbarkeit des Grosshirns. Arch f Anat Physiol und wiss Med 37: 300–332.

  4. 4.

    Simonoff LN (1866) Die Hennmungmechanismen der Saugethriere experimentell bewiesen. Arch Anat Physiol (Leipzig) 33: 545–546.

  5. 5.

    Ferrier D (1876) The Functions of the Mind. Smith, Elder & Co, London.

  6. 6.

    Bartholomew R (1874) Experimental investigations into the functions of the human mind. Am J Med Sci 67: 305–313.

  7. 7.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1878) Doctrines relatives aux principales actions du centre nerveux. Leçon d’ouverture du cours de médecine au Collège de France, faite le 2 décembre 1878. G. Mason, Paris.

  8. 8.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1877) Aphasia as an effect of brain disease. Dublin J Med Sci 63: 209–225.

  9. 9.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1875) Sur les localisations cérébrales. C R Soc Biol (Paris) 24: 400–401.

  10. 10.

    Charcot JM. Quoted by Gassner JL (1988) JM Charcot et la découverte des localisations motrices chez l’homme. Gesnarus 45: 501–520.

  11. 11.

    Ibid., p. 513.

  12. 12.

    Boston Medical & Surgical Journal (1875) 93: 119–125.

  13. 13.

    Ibid.

  14. 14.

    Débat entre Charcot et Brown-Séquard sur les localisations cérébrales (1875). C R Soc Biol (Paris) 24: 400–404.

  15. 15.

    Ibid.

  16. 16.

    Ibid.

  17. 17.

    Ibid.

  18. 18.

    Ibid.

  19. 19.

    Prince M (1910) Cerebral localisation from the point of view of function and symptoms. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 37: 337–354.

  20. 20.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1877) The localisation of functions of the brain applied to the use of the trephine. Lancet 2: 107–108.

  21. 21.

    Golgi C (1883) Continuation of the study of the minute anatomy of the central organs of the nervous system. Alienist & Neurologist 4: 383–416.

  22. 22.

    Marie P (1906) Révision de la question de l’aphasie. La troisième circonvolution frontale gauche ne joue aucun rôle spécial dans la fonction du langage. Semaine médicale 241–247.

  23. 23.

    Marie P (1906) Révision de la question de l’aphasie: que faut-il penser des aphasies sous-courticales (aphasies pures) Semaine médicale 493–500. Also: Maire P (1906) Révision de la question de l’aphasie de 1861 à 1866; essai critique historique sur la genèse de la doctrine de Broca. Semaine médicale 565–571.

  24. 24.

    Prince, op. cit, note 19, above, p. 339.

  25. 25.

    Monakow C von (1911) Lokalisation der Hirufunktionen. Jornal fur Psychologie und Neurologie 1&: 185–200.

  26. 26.

    Mesulam MM (1985) Pattern in Behavioural Neurology. F.A. Davis, Philadelphia, pp. 1–70.

  27. 27.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1873) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/109, Oct.

  28. 28.

    Laverdant D (n.d. probably Feb or March) Letter to Brown-Séquard. GMcCC, Ms 981/72.

  29. 29.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter of resignation to the University of Geneva. GMcCC, Ms 984/35, 20th March.

  30. 30.

    Republique et Canton de Genève (1876) Acknowledgement of letter of resignation of Brown-Séquard. Extract from the Register of the State Council. GMcCC, Ms 984/36, 21st March.

  31. 31.

    Vulpian A (1876) Letter to Brown-Séquard. GMcCC, Ms 980/44, 28th May.

  32. 32.

    Vulpian A (1876) Letter to Brown-Séquard. GMcCC, Ms 980/45, 23rd June.

  33. 33.

    Laverdant D (n.d., probably June 1876) Letter to Brown-Séquard. GMcCC, Ms 981/73.

  34. 34.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/10, 8th Dec.

  35. 35.

    Pedro II (1876) Letter to Brown-Séquard. GMcCC, Ms 981/21, 24th Feb.

  36. 36.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/6, 25th July.

  37. 37.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/9, 3rd Aug.

  38. 38.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1877) Lectures on the Physiological Pathology of the Brain. Lancet: 39–40, 77–79, 117–119, 155–157, 265–267, 339–340, 485–486, 599–601, 709–712, 827–829.

  39. 39.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/11.

  40. 40.

    McCausland C (n.d.) Notebook in her handwriting. GMcCC, Ms 999/7.

  41. 41.

    Brown-Séquard, op. cit., note 39, above.

  42. 42.

    Lancet (1876) Dr Brown-Séquard’s Lectures. 2: 203.

  43. 43.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/15, 1st Sept.

  44. 44.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/11, 5th Sept.

  45. 45.

    Laverdant D (n.d. probably Sept 1976) Letter to Brown-Séquard. GMcCC, Ms 981/73.

  46. 46.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 978/48, 3rd Nov.

  47. 47.

    Brown-Séquard CE (n.d. probably Nov 1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/197.

  48. 48.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/57, 8th Nov.

  49. 49.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/60, 9th Nov.

  50. 50.

    Brown-Séquard, op. cit., note 8, above.

  51. 51.

    Brown-Séquard, op. cit., note 48, above.

  52. 52.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/61, 9th Nov.

  53. 53.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/65, 16th Nov.

  54. 54.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/73, 20th Nov.

  55. 55.

    Dupuy E (1874) Letter to Brown-Séquard. GMcCC, Ms 981/83, 30th June.

  56. 56.

    Laverdant D (n.d. probably June 1876) Letter to Brown-Séquard. GMcCC, Ms 981/72.

  57. 57.

    Laverdant D (n.d. probably June 1876) Letter to Brown-Séquard. GMcCC, Ms 981/73.

  58. 58.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/10, 22nd Apr.

  59. 59.

    Doherty E (1976) Letter to Brown-Séquard. GMcCC, Ms 979/12, 23rd Aug.

  60. 60.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/27, 7th Sept.

  61. 61.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 978/86, 27th Nov.

  62. 62.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1858) Letter to his first wife, Ellen. GMcCC, Ms 977/25, 29th May.

  63. 63.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1858) Letter to his first wife, Ellen. GMcCC, Ms 977/30, 15th June.

  64. 64.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1858) Letter to his first wife, Ellen. GMcCC, Ms 977/40, 30th June.

  65. 65.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/50, 5th Nov.

  66. 66.

    Ibid.

  67. 67.

    Ibid.

  68. 68.

    Brown-Séquard (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 979/60, 9th Nov.

  69. 69.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1876) Letter to Emma Doherty. GMcCC, Ms 978/89, Nov.

  70. 70.

    Brown-Séquard CE (1879) Letter to his third wife, Emma. GMcCC, Ms 979/123, July.

  71. 71.

    Brown-Séquard CE. Pages from one of his diaries. GMcCC, Ms 999/3.

  72. 72.

    Ibid.

  73. 73.

    Kelly Ha, Burrage WL (1920) Charles Edouard Brown-Séquard. In: American Medical Biographies. The Norman Remington Co., Baltmore, pp. 155–157.

  74. 74.

    McCausland C (n.d.) Notebook in her handwriting. GMcCC, Ms 989/10.

  75. 75.

    Cutting from an unidentified newspaper. GMcCC, Ms 999/7, p. 53.

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    Louis-Cyril Celestin

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Celestin, LC. (2014). The Indigent Physician: 1874–1877. In: Charles-Edouard Brown-Séquard. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03020-3_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03020-3_16

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