Abstract
The Hubbard model was originally developed to describe electrons in narrow conduction bands [17]. Its bosonic version, the Bose-Hubbard model [8], yields a very good description of ultracold bosonic atoms trapped in deep optical lattices, as first noted in Ref. [19]. The model shows a phase transition at zero temperature from a superfluid to a Mott-insulating phase, which forms one of the paradigm examples of a quantum phase transition [27].
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Endres, M. (2014). Superfluid-Mott-Insulator Transition. In: Probing Correlated Quantum Many-Body Systems at the Single-Particle Level. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05753-8_2
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