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Molecular Mechanisms in Gastric Carcinogenesis

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Gastric Cancer

Abstract

Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Despite advances in the medical and surgical management of this neoplasm, mortality remains high at approximately 60–80 % at 5 years. A number of factors have been proposed to account for these disappointing results. These include a lack of understanding of the molecular events driving carcinogenesis and the blanket application of cytotoxic therapies into patients with advanced disease without considering the genetic abnormalities underlying their disease. Recently, numerous studies have emerged elucidating the aberrations in tumor suppressors and oncogenes at the genetic and epigenetic levels. These have led to the discovery of key driver mutations thought to underlie the malignant process in gastric cancer. Such studies have permitted the classification of gastric tumor types along molecular as opposed to histologic lines. Accordingly, a number of genes have emerged as attractive targets for individualized therapies. In this chapter, the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric carcinogenesis are reviewed at the genetic and epigenetic levels.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Jonathan Cools-Lartigue MDCM

  2. Department of Surgery, The Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Laura Baker BMSc

  3. Division of Thoracic Surgery and the Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3Y 2X4, Canada

    Lorenzo E. Ferri MD, PhD

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  1. Jonathan Cools-Lartigue MDCM
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  2. Laura Baker BMSc
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  3. Lorenzo E. Ferri MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Lorenzo E. Ferri MD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA

    Vivian E. Strong

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Cools-Lartigue, J., Baker, L., Ferri, L. (2015). Molecular Mechanisms in Gastric Carcinogenesis. In: Strong, V. (eds) Gastric Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15826-6_3

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