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Quantum Enhancement of a 4 km Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Detector

Part of the book series: Springer Theses ((Springer Theses))

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Abstract

The ability to directly detect gravitational waves will open a completely new branch of astronomy to view the Universe, one that is inaccessible to electromagnetic-based astronomy (Thorne, Gravitational Waves, 1995, [1]). The development of that capability has many technical challenges. Finding solutions to these challenges have called upon the research development of many different fields of science and engineering. The first devices for the direct detection of gravitational waves, known collectively as the resonant mass detectors, were being proposed and constructed from 1960, starting with the work of Weber (Phys Rev 117:306, 1960, [2]). Contemporary to this, the field of quantum optics was beginning, with the formalism work of Glauber (Phys Rev 131:2766–2788, 1963, [3]). The cross-over between these fields began from the foundation work in quantum-noise-limited measurement that was being driven by the gravitational-wave detection field (Sov Phys JETP 46:705–706, 1977; JETP Lett 27:276–280, 1978, [4, 5]), as resonant mass detectors developed with increasing sensitivity that approached quantum limits. The use of laser interferometers for gravitational-wave detection was first raised in 1962 by Gertsenshtein and Pustovoit (JETP 43:605–607, 1962, [6]). The first in-depth scientific study into the construction of these interferometric gravitational-wave detectors came in 1972 by Weiss (Q Prog Rep Res Lab Electron 105, 1972, [7]). However, it was soon realised that these instruments would be sensitivity-limited by the quantum nature of the laser light itself. This lead to the theoretical study of the use of quantum squeezed states for enhancing interferometric gravitational-wave detector sensitivity (Other quantum measurement schemes being developed include variational interferometer readout (Kimble et al., Phys Rev D 65:022002, 2002; Corbitt and Mavalvala, J Opt B Quantum Semiclass Opt 6:S675, 2004, [8, 9]), ‘speed-meter’ designs (Purdue and Chen, Phys Rev D 66:122004, 2002; de Vine et al., Phys Lett A 316:17–23, 2003; Chen, Phys Rev D 67:122004, 2003; Chen et al., General Relativ Gravity 43:671–694, 2011; Wade et al., Phys Rev D 86:062001, 2012, [10–14]), which are acknowledge but not presented.). It is this quantum-optic enhancement scheme that is the focus of this thesis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France

    Sheon S. Y. Chua

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Chua, S.S.Y. (2015). Introduction. In: Quantum Enhancement of a 4 km Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Detector. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17686-4_1

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