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Anaerobic Fungi and Their Potential for Biogas Production

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Biogas Science and Technology

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 151))

Abstract

Plant biomass is the largest reservoir of environmentally friendly renewable energy on earth. However, the complex and recalcitrant structure of these lignocellulose-rich substrates is a severe limitation for biogas production. Microbial pro-ventricular anaerobic digestion of ruminants can serve as a model for improvement of converting lignocellulosic biomass into energy. Anaerobic fungi are key players in the digestive system of various animals, they produce a plethora of plant carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes. Combined with the invasive growth of their rhizoid system their contribution to cell wall polysaccharide decomposition may greatly exceed that of bacteria. The cellulolytic arsenal of anaerobic fungi consists of both secreted enzymes, as well as extracellular multi-enzyme complexes called cellulosomes. These complexes are extremely active, can degrade both amorphous and crystalline cellulose and are probably the main reason of cellulolytic efficiency of anaerobic fungi. The synergistic use of mechanical and enzymatic degradation makes anaerobic fungi promising candidates to improve biogas production from recalcitrant biomass. This chapter presents an overview about their biology and their potential for implementation in the biogas process.

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Acknowledgments

TMC is grateful for funding from the Aberystwyth Postgraduate Research Studentship. VD is grateful for funding of the project BE/14/22 from the Bavarian State Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry and the Bavarian State Ministry of Economics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Central Department for Quality Assurance and Analytics, Micro- and Molecular Biology, Lange Point 6, 85354, Freising, Germany

    Veronika Dollhofer

  2. Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25d, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Sabine Marie Podmirseg

  3. Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Adeilad Cledwyn Penglais, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DD, Wales, UK

    Tony Martin Callaghan & Gareth Wyn Griffith

  4. Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic

    Kateřina Fliegerová

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  1. Veronika Dollhofer
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  5. Kateřina Fliegerová
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Correspondence to Veronika Dollhofer .

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  1. Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, BOKU Vienna - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln , Austria

    Georg M. Guebitz

  2. Institute of Agricultural Engineering, BOKU Vienna - University of Natural Resources and Life, Tulln, Austria

    Alexander Bauer

  3. Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, BOKU Vienna - University of Natural Resources and Life, Tulln, Austria

    Guenther Bochmann

  4. Institute of Agricultural Engineering, BOKU Vienna - University of Natural Resources and Life, Tulln, Austria

    Andreas Gronauer

  5. Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, BOKU Vienna - University of Natural Resources and Life, Tulln, Austria

    Stefan Weiss

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Dollhofer, V., Podmirseg, S.M., Callaghan, T.M., Griffith, G.W., Fliegerová, K. (2015). Anaerobic Fungi and Their Potential for Biogas Production. In: Guebitz, G., Bauer, A., Bochmann, G., Gronauer, A., Weiss, S. (eds) Biogas Science and Technology. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 151. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21993-6_2

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