Skip to main content

Abstract

The exploration of naturally occurring antimicrobials for food preservation receives increasing attention due to consumer awareness of natural food products and a growing concern of microbial resistance towards conventional preservatives. The use of essential oils, as an alternative to the use of synthetic chemicals, to preserve quality of fresh and minimally processed fruits and vegetables has been investigated in several works through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Some oils presented antimicrobial and antioxidant activities that indicate clearly their potential to become technologically useful products as sanitizing agents. This chapter describes the use of essential oils from different sources and their control of postharvest microbial decay and overall quality preservation of fresh produce. Also, it includes a discussion about the use of essential oils as potential inhibitors of quorum-sensing mechanism to control bacterial spoilage and pathogenesis in food-related microorganisms.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adonizio, A. L., Downum, K., Bennett, B. C., & Mathee, K. (2006). Anti-quorum sensing activity of medicinal plants in southern Florida. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 105(3), 427–435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Hussaini, R., & Mahasneh, A. M. (2009). Microbial growth and quorum sensing antagonist activities of herbal plants extracts. Molecules, 14, 3425–3435.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez, M. V., Moreira, M. R., & Ponce, A. (2012). Antiquorum sensing and antimicrobial activity of natural agents with potential use in food. Journal of Food Safety, 32(3), 379–387.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez, M. V., Ortega-Ramirez, L. A., Gutierrez-Pacheco, M. M., Bernal-Mercado, A. T., Rodriguez-Garcia, I., Gonzalez-Aguilar, G. A., et al. (2014). Oregano essential oil-pectin edible films as anti-quorum sensing and food antimicrobial agents. Frontiers in Microbiology, 5, 699.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez, M. V., Ponce, A. G., & Moreira, M. R. (2013). Antimicrobial efficiency of chitosan coating enriched with bioactive compounds to improve the safety of fresh cut broccoli. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 20, 78–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ayala-Zavala, J. F., Del Toro-Sánchez, L., Alvarez-Parrilla, E., & González-Aguilar, G. A. (2008a). High relative humidity in-package of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables: Advantage or disadvantage considering microbiological problems and antimicrobial delivering systems? Journal of Food Science, 73, 41–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ayala-Zavala, J. F., Oms-Oliu, G., Odriozola-Serrano, I., González-Aguilar, G. A., Álvarez-Parrilla, E., & Martín-Belloso, O. (2008b). Bio-preservation of fresh-cut tomatoes using natural antimicrobials. European Food Research and Technology, 226, 1047–1055.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ayala-Zavala, J. F., Silva-Espinoza, B. A., Cruz-Valenzuela, M. R., Leyva, J. M., Ortega-Ramírez, L. A., Carrazco-Lugo, D. K., et al. (2013). Pectin-cinnamon leaf oil coatings add antioxidant and antibacterial properties to fresh-cut peach. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 28, 39–45.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ayala-Zavala, J. F., Soto-Valdez, H., González-León, A., Álvarez-Parrilla, E., Martín-Belloso, O., & González-Aguilar, G. A. (2008c). Microencapsulation of cinnamon leaf (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and garlic (Allium sativum) oils in β-cyclodextrin. Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, 60, 359–368.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., & Idaomar, M. (2008). Biological effects of essential oils—A review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(2), 446–475.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowles, E. J. (2003). Chemistry of aromatherapeutic oils. Australia: Allen and Unwin. ISBN 174114051X.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brackman, G., Hillaert, U., Van Calenbergh, S., Nelis, H. J., & Coenye, T. (2009). Use of quorum sensing inhibitors to interfere with biofilm formation and development in Burkholderia multivorans and Burkholderia cenocepacia. Research in Microbiology, 160, 144–151.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brahma, N. S., Singh, B. R., Singh, R. L., Prakash, D., Sarma, B. K., & Singh, H. B. (2009). Antioxidant and anti-quorum sensing activities of green pod of Acacia nilotica L. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47, 778–786.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burt, S. (2004). Essential oils: Their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods—A review. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94, 223–253.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, H. T., Cheng, Y. H., Wu, C. L., Chang, S. T., Chang, T. T., & Su, Y. C. (2008). Antifungal activity of essential oil and its constituents from Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana florin leaf against plant pathogenic fungi. Bioresource Technology, 99, 6266–6270.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dadalioglu, I., & Evrendilek, G. A. (2004). Chemical compositions and antibacterial effects of essential oils of Turkish oregano (Origanum minutiflorum), bay laurel (Laurus nobilis), Spanish lavender (Lavandula stoechas L.), and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on common foodborne pathogens. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(26), 8255–8260.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, P. M., Critzer, F. J., & Taylor, T. M. (2013). Naturally occurring antimicrobials for minimally processed foods. Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, 4, 163–190.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Draughon, F. A. (2004). Use of botanicals as biopreservatives in foods. Food Technology, 58(2), 20–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elgayyar, M., Draughon, F. A., Golden, D. A., & Mount, J. R. (2001). Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from plants against selected pathogenic and saprophytic microorganisms. Journal of Food Protection, 64(7), 1019–1024.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, K., & Phillips, C. (2008). Potential antimicrobial uses of essential oils in food: Is citrus the answer? Trends in Food Science and Technology, 19(3), 156–164.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, M., Henika, P. R., & Mandrell, R. E. (2002). Bactericidal activities of plant essential oils and some of their isolated constituents against Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica. Journal of Food Protection, 65(10), 1545–1560.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, M., Teplitski, M., Robinson, J. B., & Bauer, W. D. (2003). Production of substances by Medicago truncatula that affect bacterial quorum sensing. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 16, 827–834.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gill, A. O., Delaquis, P., Russo, P., & Holley, R. A. (2002). Evaluation of antilisterial action of cilantro oil on vacuum packed ham. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 73(1), 83–92.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goñi, M. G., Tomadoni, B., Moreira, M. R., & Roura, S. I. (2013). Application of tea tree and clove essential oil on late development stages of Butterhead lettuce: Impact on microbiological quality. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 54(1), 107–113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • González-Aguilar, G. A., Ansorena, M. R., Viacava, G. E., Roura, S. I., & Ayala-Zavala, J. F. (2013). Plant essential oils as antifungal treatments on the postharvest of fruit and vegetables. In M. Razzaghi-Abyaneh & M. Rai (Eds.), Antifungal metabolites from plants (pp. 429–446). Berlin Heidelberg: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • González-Aguilar, G. A., Ayala-Zavala, J. F., Olivas, G. I., de la Rosa, L. A., & Álvarez-Parrilla, E. (2010). Preserving quality of fresh-cut products using safe technologies. Journal für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, 5(1), 65–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gram, L., Ravn, L., Rasch, M., Bruhn, J., Christensen, A., & Givskov, M. (2002). Food spoilage interactions between food spoilage bacteria. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 78, 79–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gutierrez, J., Barry-Ryan, C., & Bourke, P. (2008). The antimicrobial efficacy of plant essential oil combinations and interactions with food ingredients. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 124, 91–97.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gutierrez, J., Bourke, P., Lonchamp, J., & Barry-Ryan, C. (2009). Impact of plant essential oils on microbiological, organoleptic and quality markers of minimally processed vegetables. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 10(2), 195–202.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hammer, K. A., Carson, C. F., & Riley, T. V. (1999). Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 86(6), 985–990.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hullati, K. K., & Rai, V. R. (2004). Antimicrobial activity of Memecylon malabaricum. Fitoterapia, 75, 409–411.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jamuna Bai, A., & Rai, V. R. (2011). Bacterial quorum sensing and food industry. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 10(3), 183–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jamuna Bai, A., Rai, V. R., & Pradeepa, V. S. (2011). Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of three medicinal plants of South India. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology, 7, 14–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liao, C. H. (1989). Analysis of pectate lyases produced by soft rot bacteria associated with spoilage of vegetables. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 55, 1677–1683.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Min, S., & Krochta, J. M. (2005). Inhibition of Penicillium commune by edible whey protein films incorporating lactoferrin, lacto-ferrin hydrolysate, and lactoperoxidase systems. Journal of Food Science, 70, 87–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moreira, M. R., Ponce, A. G., del Valle, C. E., & Roura, S. I. (2005). Inhibitory parameters of essential oils to reduce a foodborne pathogen. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 38, 565–570.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moreira, M. R., Ponce, A. G., Del Valle, C. E., & Roura, S. I. (2007). Effects of clove and tea tree oils on Escherichia coli O157:H7 in blanched spinach and minced cooked beef. Journal Of Food Processing and Preservation, 31(4), 379–391.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pandit, V. A., & Shelef, L. A. (1994). Sensitivity of Listeria monocytogenes to rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). Food Microbiology, 11(1), 57–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrini, M. C., Alvarez, M. V., Ponce, A. G., Cugnata, N. M., De Piano, F. G., & Fuselli, S. R. (2014). Anti-quorum sensing and antimicrobial activity of aromatic species from South America. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 26(6), 458–465.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pichersky, E., Noel, J. P., & Dudareva, N. (2006). Biosynthesis of plant volatiles: Nature’s diversity and ingenuity. Science, 311(5762), 808–811.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ponce, A. G., Del Valle, C. E., & Roura, S. I. (2004a). Shelf life of leafy vegetables treated with natural essential oils. Journal of Food Science, 69(2), fms50–fms56.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ponce, A. G., Del Valle, C. E., & Roura, S. I. (2004b). Natural essential oils as reducing agents of peroxidase activity in leafy vegetables. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 37, 199–204.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ponce, A. G., Roura, S. I., & Moreira, M. D. R. (2011). Essential oils as biopreservatives: Different methods for the technological application in lettuce leaves. Journal of Food Science, 76(1), M34–M40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pranoto, Y., Rakshit, S. K., & Salokhe, V. M. (2005). Enhancing antimicrobial activity of chitosan films by incorporating garlic oil, potassium sorbate and nisin. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 38, 859–865.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasch, M., Andersen, J., Nielsen, K., Flodgaard, L., Christensen, H., Givskov, M., et al. (2005). Involvement of bacterial quorum-sensing signals in spoilage of bean sprouts. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71, 3321–3330.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, T. B., & Givskov, M. (2006). Quorum-sensing inhibitors as anti-pathogenic drugs. International Journal of Medical Microbiology, 296(2), 149–161.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rojas-Graü, M. A., Soliva-Fortuny, R., & Martín-Belloso, O. (2009). Edible coatings to incorporate active ingredients to fresh-cut fruits: A review. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 20, 438–447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Selim, S. (2011). Antimicrobial activity of essential oils against Vancomycin-Resistant enterococci (VRE) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feta soft cheese and minced beef meat. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 42(1), 187–196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, J. L., Fratamico, P. M., & Novak, J. S. (2004). Quorum sensing: A primer for food microbiologists. Journal of Food Protection, 67, 1053–1070.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Speranza, B., & Corbo, M. R. (2010). Essential oils for preserving perishable foods: Possibilities and limitations. In A. Bevilacqua, M. R. Corbo, & M. Sinigaglia (Eds.), Application of alternative food-preservation technologies to enhance food safety & stability (pp. 35–57). China: Bentham Science Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tripathi, P., & Dubey, N. K. (2004). Exploitation of natural products as an alternative strategy to control postharvest fungal rotting of fruit and vegetables. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 32, 235–245.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Troncoso-Rojas, R., & Tiznado-Hernández, M. E. (2007). Natural compounds to control fungal postharvest diseases. In R. Troncoso-Rojas, M. E. Tiznado-Hernández, & A. González-León (Eds.), Recent advances in alternative postharvest technologies to control fungal diseases in fruits and vegetables (pp. 127–156). Trivandrum, Kerala: Research Signpost.

    Google Scholar 

  • Truchado, P., López-Gálvez, F., Gil, M., Tomás-Barberán, F., & Allende, A. (2009). Quorum sensing inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of honeys and the relationship with individual phenolics. Food Chemistry, 115(4), 1337–1344.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vattem, D. A., Mihalik, K., Crixell, S. H., & McLean, R. J. C. (2007). Dietary phytochemicals as quorum sensing inhibitors. Fitoterapia, 78, 302–310.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vikram, A., Jesudhasan, P. R., Jayaprakasha, G. K., Pillai, B. S., & Patil, B. S. (2010). Grapefruit bioactive limonoids modulate E. coli O157:H7 TTSS and biofilm. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 140, 109–116.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, C. Y., Wang, S. Y., & Chen, C. (2008). Increasing antioxidant activity and reducing decay of blueberries by essential oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56, 3587–3592.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. G. Ponce .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Moreira, M.R., Alvarez, M.V., Ponce, A.G. (2016). Essential Oils. In: Siddiqui, M., Ayala Zavala, J., Hwang, CA. (eds) Postharvest Management Approaches for Maintaining Quality of Fresh Produce. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23582-0_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics