Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

LTE and Beyond

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Long Term Evolution

Part of the book series: Telecommunications and Information Technology ((TIT))

Abstract

In this chapter, we provide a brief yet comprehensive overview of current Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems and beyond. We begin presenting the baseline technology and the underlying features of network architecture, protocols, and air interface introduced in the first LTE release back in 2008. Having the basics put in place, we move forward to discuss advanced features introduced and further developed throughout subsequent LTE releases. Our discussion takes into consideration even the still under discussion LTE Release 13, which has in March 2016 its estimated freeze date.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    By “fair” it is meant that LAA should not impact Wi-Fi services (data, video, and voice services) more than an additional Wi-Fi network operating on the same carrier would. These metrics could include throughput, latency, and jitter, but will be exactly defined in the coexistence study.

References

  1. Al-Kandari A, Al-Nasheet M, Abdulgafer R (2014) WiMAX vs. LTE: an analytic comparison. In: Proceedings of the fourth international conference on digital information and communication technology and it’s applications (DICTAP), pp 389–393, May 2014

    Google Scholar 

  2. 3GPP TSG RAN (2008) E-UTRA; E-UTRAN; Overall description; Stage 2. In: 3GPP Technical Specifications, version 8.4.0, Mar 2008

    Google Scholar 

  3. Osseiran A et al (2009) The road to IMT-advanced communication systems: state-of-the- art and innovation areas addressed by the WINNER + project. IEEE Commun Mag 47(6):38–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Dahlman E et al (2008) 3G evolution: HSPA and LTE for mobile broadband, 2nd edn. Academic Press, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  5. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 22.278 (2008) Service requirements for evolution of the 3GPP system, stage (release 8), June 2008

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bogineni K et al (2009) LTE part I: core network. IEEE Commun Mag 47(2):40–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. 3GPP Technical Specification 36.133 version 8.5.0 (Release 8) (2010) Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA); requirements for support of radio resource management, Jan 2010

    Google Scholar 

  8. 3GPP Technical Specification 25.133 version 8.20.0 (2013) Technical specification group radio access network; requirements for support of radio resource management (FDD), Jul 2013

    Google Scholar 

  9. 3GPP Technical Specification 36.213 version 8.8.0 (Release 8) (2009) Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA); physical layer procedures, Oct 2009

    Google Scholar 

  10. 3GPP Technical Specification TS36.300 version 8.12.0 (Release 8) (2010) Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) and evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN): overall description, Apr 2010

    Google Scholar 

  11. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 36.321 version 8.12.0 (Release 8) (2012) E-UTRA medium access control (MAC) protocol specification, Mar 2012

    Google Scholar 

  12. Meyer M et al (2006) ARQ concept for the UMTS long-term evolution. In: Proceedings of the IEEE VTC, pp 1–5, Sept 2006

    Google Scholar 

  13. 3GPP Technical Report TR 25.913 V8.0.0 (2010) Requirements for evolved UTRA (E-UTRA) and evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), Feb 2010

    Google Scholar 

  14. Rao A, Weber A, Gollamudi S, Robert S (2009) LTE and HSPA + : revolutionary and evolutionary solutions for global mobile broadband. Bell Labs Tech J 13(4):7–34 (Winter 2009)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Astely D et al (2009) LTE: the evolution of mobile broadband. IEEE Commun Mag 47(4):44–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Anyi W, Zhaoyang L (2010) The study and analysis of MIMO technology based on LTE physical layer. In Proceedings of the international conference on environmental science and information application technology (ESIAT), pp 306–308, July 2010

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ku G, Walsh J (2014) Resource allocation and link adaptation in LTE and LTE advanced: a tutorial. IEEE Commun Surveys Tutorials, vol 99, pp 99, Dec 2014

    Google Scholar 

  18. Larmo A et al (2009) The LTE link-layer design. IEEE Commun Mag 47(4):52–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Sesi S, Toufix I, Baker M (2009) LTE: the UMTS long term evolution, from theory to practice, 1st edn. Wiley, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  20. Figueiredo F, Lenzi KG, Bianco Filho JA, Ferreira O, Cardoso F, Figueiredo FL (2013) LTE random access detection based on a CA-CFAR strategy. In: International workshop on telecommunications (IWT2013), Santa Rita do Sapucai, 2013

    Google Scholar 

  21. Frank RL, Zadoff SA, Heimiller R (1961) Phase shift pulse codes with good periodic correlation properties. IRE Trans Inf Theor 7:254–257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Chu DC (1972) Polyphase codes with good periodic correlation properties. IEEE Trans Inf Theor IT-18:531–532

    Google Scholar 

  23. Cardoso F, Figueiredo FL, Lenzi KG, Bianco Filho JA, Figueiredo F, Vilela RM (2013) Multi-stage based cross-correlation peak detection for LTE random access preambles. Revista Telecomunicações do Inatel, pp 21–27

    Google Scholar 

  24. 3GPP TS 36.300 (2008) Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) and evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN); overall description; stage 2, version 8.7.0, December 2008

    Google Scholar 

  25. 3GPP Presentation RWS-140029 (2014) Chairman summary. In: 3GPP Workshop on LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum, June 2014

    Google Scholar 

  26. 3GPP Presentation RP-150055 (2015) 3GPP & Unlicensed Spectrum. In: IEEE 802 Interim Session, Jan 2015

    Google Scholar 

  27. Carrier Aggregation Explained (June 2013) [Online]. Available: http://www.3gpp.org/technologies/keywords-acronyms/101-carrier-aggregation-explained

  28. 3GPP Technical Report TR 36.815 (2010) Further advancements for E-UTRA; LTE-advanced feasibility studies in RAN WG4, July 2010

    Google Scholar 

  29. 3GPP Work Item Description RP-141831 (2014) Study on elevation beamforming/full-dimension (FD) MIMO for LTE. In: 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #66, Dec 2014

    Google Scholar 

  30. B. Mondal et al., “3D Channel Model in 3GPP”, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1502/1502.01621.pdf

  31. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 36.902 version 9.3.1 (2011) Self-configuring and self-optimizing network (SON) use cases and solutions, May 2011

    Google Scholar 

  32. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 32.531 version 9.4.0 (2011) Telecommunication management; software management (SWM); concepts and IRP requirements, Jan 2011

    Google Scholar 

  33. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 32.511 version 9.0.0 (2010) Telecommunication management; automatic neighbor relation (ANR) management; concepts and requirements, Feb 2010

    Google Scholar 

  34. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 36.300 version 9.1.10.0 (2013) Evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN); overall description stage 2, Feb 2013

    Google Scholar 

  35. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 32.521 version 9.0.0 (2010) Self-organizing networks (SON) policy network resource model (NRM) integration reference point (IRP): requirements, Apr 2010

    Google Scholar 

  36. 4G Americas (2014) Self-optimizing networks in 3GPP release 11: the benefits of SON in LTE, Oct 2013

    Google Scholar 

  37. Overview of 3GPP Release 11 version 0.2.0 (Sept 2009) [Online]. Available: http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Information/WORK_PLAN/Description_Releases/Rel-11_description_20140924.zip

  38. Boujelben M, Benrejeb S, Tabbane S (2014) Interference coordination schemes for wireless mobile advanced systems: a survey. IOSR J Electron Commun Eng (IOSR-JECE) 9(1):80–90

    Google Scholar 

  39. Mills A, Lister D, De Vos M (2011) Understanding static intercell interference coordination mechanisms in LTE. J Commun 6(4):312–318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Astely D et al (2009) LTE: the evolution of mobile broadband. IEEE Commun Mag 47(4):44–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Gjendemsj A, Gesbert D, Oien GE, Kiani SG (2008) Binary power control for sum rate maximization over multiple interfering links. IEEE Trans Wireless Commun 7(8):3164–3173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Kwan R, Leung C (2010) A survey of scheduling and interference mitigation in LTE. J Electr Comput Eng 2010:10

    Google Scholar 

  43. Lopez-Perez D et al (2011) Enhanced inter cell interference coordination challenges in heterogeneous networks. IEEE Wireless Commun 18(3):22–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. 3GPP Website. Heterogeneous networks in LTE”, [Online]. Available: http://www.3gpp.org/technologies/keywords-acronyms/1576-hetnet

  45. 3GPP Technical Report TR 36.913 (2012) Requirements for further advancements for E-UTRA, Sept 2012

    Google Scholar 

  46. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 36.300 (2012) Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) and evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN); overall description; stage 2 (Release 11), Sept 2012

    Google Scholar 

  47. 3GPP Technical Report TR 36.829 (2012) Enhanced performance requirement for LTE user equipment (UE), Mar 2012

    Google Scholar 

  48. Nakamura T et al (2010) Overview of LTE advanced and standardization trends. NTT Docomo Tech J 12(2):4–9

    Google Scholar 

  49. Léost Y, Abdi M, Richter R, Jeschke M (2012) Interference rejection combining in LTE networks. Bell Lab Tech J 17(1):25–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Rohde & Schwarz, “White paper: LTE Release 9 Technology Introduction”, Dec. 2011

    Google Scholar 

  51. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 26.346 version 9.15.0 (Release 9) (2014) LTE; multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS); protocols and codecs, Jul 2014

    Google Scholar 

  52. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 23.246 version 9.6.0 (Release 9) (2012) Multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS); architecture and functional description, Jan 2012

    Google Scholar 

  53. Tata Consultancy Services (2013) Multimedia broadcasting in long term evolution networks

    Google Scholar 

  54. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 36.445 (2011) Evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN): M2 application protocol (M2AP), M1 data transport (release 10), Sept 2011

    Google Scholar 

  55. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 22.146 (2011) Multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS); stage 1, Dec 2011

    Google Scholar 

  56. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 23.246 (2012) Multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS); architecture and functional description, Mar 2012

    Google Scholar 

  57. 3GPP Technical Specification TS 36.331 (2012) Radio resource control (RRC): protocol specification (Release 10), Mar 2012

    Google Scholar 

  58. 3GPP Technical Report TR 36.888 (2013) Study on provision of low-cost machine-type communications (MTC) user equipments (UEs) based on LTE, June 2013

    Google Scholar 

  59. Ali I et al (2009) Network-based mobility management in the evolved 3GPP core network. IEEE Commun Mag 47(2):58–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CPqD Foundation, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Dick Carrillo, Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo, Fabrício Lira Figueiredo & João Paulo Miranda

Authors
  1. Dick Carrillo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Fabrício Lira Figueiredo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. João Paulo Miranda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dick Carrillo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Vice President of Research and Development, CPqD Foundation, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Alberto Paradisi

  2. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, São Paulo, Brazil

    Michel Daoud Yacoub

  3. Wireless Communications Division, CPqD Foundation, Campinas, SP, São Paulo, Brazil

    Fabrício Lira Figueiredo

  4. Directory of Innovation Management, CPqD Foundation, Campinas, SP, São Paulo, Brazil

    Tania Tronco

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Carrillo, D., de Figueiredo, F.A.P., Figueiredo, F.L., Miranda, J.P. (2016). LTE and Beyond. In: Paradisi, A., Yacoub, M., Lira Figueiredo, F., Tronco, T. (eds) Long Term Evolution. Telecommunications and Information Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23823-4_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23823-4_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-23822-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-23823-4

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation