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Site-Directed Spin Labeling for EPR Studies of Nucleic Acids

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Modified Nucleic Acids

Part of the book series: Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology ((NUCLEIC,volume 31))

Abstract

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy has emerged as a valuable technique to study the structure and dynamics of nucleic acids and their complexes with other biomolecules. EPR studies require incorporation of stable free radicals (spin labels), usually aminoxyl radicals (nitroxides), at specific sites in the nucleic acids using site-directed spin labeling (SDSL). In addition to the advancement of EPR instrumentation and pulsed EPR techniques, new strategies for SDSL have emerged, in particular, use of click chemistry, biopolymer catalysis, and noncovalent labeling. Furthermore, tailor-made spin labels with improved stability and spectroscopic properties have evolved, such as rigid spin labels that allow determination of accurate distances in addition to orientations between two spin labels. This chapter gives an overview of nucleic acids spin labeling using the three main strategies of SDSL, namely spin labeling during oligonucleotide synthesis, post-synthetic-, and noncovalent labeling. The spin-labeling methods have been categorized according to the labeling site.

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Acknowledgments

We thank members of the Sigurdsson research group for critical reading of the manuscript and valuable comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Sandip A. Shelke

  2. Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhaga 3, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland

    Snorri Th. Sigurdsson

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  1. Sandip A. Shelke
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Correspondence to Snorri Th. Sigurdsson .

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  1. The Institute of Scientific and Industri, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan

    Kazuhiko Nakatani

  2. University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

    Yitzhak Tor

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Shelke, S.A., Sigurdsson, S.T. (2016). Site-Directed Spin Labeling for EPR Studies of Nucleic Acids. In: Nakatani, K., Tor, Y. (eds) Modified Nucleic Acids. Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology, vol 31. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27111-8_8

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