Abstract
This work is targeted towards the development of a Robotic Elderly Assistant (REA) system that provides assistance in the form of recommendations to support single-living elderly people in their domestic environment. To avoid potential face threats the REA should be as polite as possible whilst keeping a certain persuasiveness to promote its recommendations. This paper investigates different verbalizations of the REA’s recommendations regarding their perceived politeness as well as their persuasiveness. We present the results of a laboratory study with younger adults and a user study with the inhabitants of a retirement home. Results suggest that the different politeness strategies reflected different levels of politeness in both studies, while their perceived persuasiveness needs further investigation in the domain of elderly care.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
References
Teri, L., Lewinsohn, P.: Modification of the pleasant and unpleasant events schedules for use with the elderly. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 50(3), 444–445 (1982)
Mahncke, H.W., Bronstone, A., Merzenich, M.M.: Brain plasticity and functional losses in the aged: scientific bases for a novel intervention. In: Møller, A.R., (ed.): Reprogramming of the Brain, Progress in Brain Research, vol. 157, pp. 81–109. Elsevier (2006)
Schmid, T. (ed.): Promoting Health Through Creativity: For Professionals in Health, Arts and Education. Whurr Publishers, London (2005)
Seiderer, A., Hammer, S., André, E., Mayr, M., Rist, T.: Exploring digital image frames for lifestyle intervention to improve well-being of older adults. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Digital Health, DH 2015, pp. 71–78. ACM, New York (2015)
Phang, C.W., Sutanto, J., Kankanhalli, A., Li, Y., Tan, B., Teo, H.H.: Senior citizens’ acceptance of information systems: A study in the context of e-government services. IEEE Trans. Eng. Manage. 53(4), 555–569 (2006)
Monk, A., Hone, K., Lines, L., Dowdall, A., Baxter, G., Blythe, M., Wright, P.: Towards a practical framework for managing the risks of selecting technology to support independent living. Appl. Ergon. 37(5), 599–606 (2006)
Reeves, B., Nass, C.: The Media Equation: How People Treat Computers, Television, and New Media Like Real People and Places. Cambridge University Press, New York (1998)
Fong, T., Nourbakhsh, I., Dautenhahn, K.: A survey of socially interactive robots. Robot. Auton. Syst. 42(3–4), 143–166 (2003)
Heerink, M.: Assessing acceptance of assistive social robots by aging adults. Ph.D. thesis, University of Amsterdam (2010)
Looije, R., Neerincx, M.A., Cnossen, F.: Persuasive robotic assistant for health self-management of older adults: Design and evaluation of social behaviors. Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud. 68(6), 386–397 (2010)
Spiekman, M.E., Haazebroek, P., Neerincx, M.A.: Requirements and platforms for social agents that alarm and support elderly living alone. In: Mutlu, B., Bartneck, C., Ham, J., Evers, V., Kanda, T. (eds.) ICSR 2011. LNCS, vol. 7072, pp. 226–235. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Broadbent, E., Stafford, R., MacDonald, B.: Acceptance of healthcare robots for the older population: Review and future directions. Int. J. Soc. Robot. 1(4), 319–330 (2009)
Frennert, S., Östlund, B., Eftring, H.: Would granny let an assistive robot into her home? In: Ge, S.S., Khatib, O., Cabibihan, J.-J., Simmons, R., Williams, M.-A. (eds.) ICSR 2012. LNCS, vol. 7621, pp. 128–137. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)
Wu, Y.H., Fassert, C., Rigaud, A.S.: Designing robots for the elderly: appearance issue and beyond. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 54(1), 121–126 (2012)
Goetz, J., Kiesler, S., Powers, A.: Matching robot appearance and behavior to tasks to improve human-robot cooperation. In: The 12th IEEE International Workshop on Proceedings of Robot and Human Interactive Communication, ROMAN 2003, pp. 55–60, October 2003
Walters, M., Syrdal, D., Dautenhahn, K., te Boekhorst, R., Koay, K.: Avoiding the uncanny valley: robot appearance, personality and consistency of behavior in an attention-seeking home scenario for a robot companion. Auton. Robot. 24(2), 159–178 (2008)
Sidner, C., Lee, C.: The initiation of engagement by a humanoid robot. In: AAAI Spring Symposium on Multidisciplinary Collaboration for Socially Assistive Robotics (2007)
Nomura, T., Saeki, K.: Effects of polite behaviors expressed by robots: A psychological experiment in Japan. Int. J. Synth. Emot. 1(2), 38–52 (2010)
Mayer, R., Johnson, W., Shaw, E., Sandhu, S.: Constructing computer-based tutors that are socially sensitive: Politeness in educational software. In: Conference of the American Educational Research Association (2005)
Brown, P., Levinson, S.: Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Studies in Interactional Sociolinguistics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1987)
Johnson, W.L., Mayer, R.E., André, E., Rehm, M.: Cross-cultural evaluation of politeness in tactics for pedagogical agents. In: Proceedings of the 2005 Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning Through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology, Amsterdam, Netherlands, IOS Press, pp. 298–305 (2005)
Gebhard, P., Mehlmann, G., Kipp, M.: Visual Scenemaker - a tool for authoring interactive virtual characters. Multimodal User Interfaces 6(1–2), 3–11 (2012)
Mehlmann, G., Janowski, K., André, E.: Modeling grounding for interactive social companions. KI - Künstliche Intelligenz 30, 1–8 (2015)
Nomura, T., Takeuchi, S.: The elderly and robots: From experiments based on comparison with younger people (2011)
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the staff and inhabitants of the retirement home “Paritätisches St. Jakobs-Stift Seniorenheim” in Augsburg, Germany, for enabling the main study and providing valuable feedback on the design of the REA. This research was partly funded by the Bavarian State Ministry for Education, Science and the Arts (STMWFK) as part of the ForGenderCare research association.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hammer, S., Lugrin, B., Bogomolov, S., Janowski, K., André, E. (2016). Investigating Politeness Strategies and Their Persuasiveness for a Robotic Elderly Assistant. In: Meschtscherjakov, A., De Ruyter, B., Fuchsberger, V., Murer, M., Tscheligi, M. (eds) Persuasive Technology. PERSUASIVE 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9638. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31510-2_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31510-2_27
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-31509-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-31510-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)