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Prognostic Factors and Predictive Tools in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

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Urothelial Malignancies of the Upper Urinary Tract

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Abstract

Background: Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare and heterogeneous disease. Several clinical and biological prognostic factors have been identified in the latest years, due to an intense multi-institutional and international collaborative work, leading to the development of accurate predictive tools helping decision-making in pursuit of tailored, individual patient care. This review provides an overview of existing prognostic factors, predictive tools and biomarkers for the management of patients with UTUC. Evidence acquisition: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed on articles published in English between January 2000 and July 2015. Among citations, only large and/or multi-institutional studies were retained. Evidence synthesis: Large and/or multi-institutional studies have confirmed the status of classical pathological factors, such as tumor stage, grade, and lymph node metastasis in the assessment of disease recurrence and survival. More interestingly, they have also permitted to identify a large number of new clinical, pathological and biological features specifically associated with advanced-stage disease, non-organ-confined disease, different patterns of disease recurrence and/or cancer-specific survival. From these outcomes, several accurate predictive tools have been developed, but they often lacked of external validation. A few controversies remain, particularly concerning the influence of hydronephrosis and tumor location on oncologic outcomes after surgery. Conclusion: Efforts provided by international collaboration groups have permitted to identify new prognostic factors aside of the classical pathologic factors. Nevertheless, further investigation on prognostic factors and biomarkers are still needed. A prospective validation of existing predictive models is necessary.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Vienna General Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Aurélie Mbeutcha, Tobias Klatte, Romain Mathieu & Shahrokh F. Shariat

  2. Department of Urology, University Hospital of Nice, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France

    Aurélie Mbeutcha

  3. Department of Urology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France

    Romain Mathieu

  4. Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA

    Shahrokh F. Shariat

  5. Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

    Shahrokh F. Shariat

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  1. Aurélie Mbeutcha
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Correspondence to Shahrokh F. Shariat .

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  1. Chief, Section of Endourology and Minimally Invasive Urology, Westchester Medical Health Network, Valhalla, New York, USA

    Majid Eshghi

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Mbeutcha, A., Klatte, T., Mathieu, R., Shariat, S.F. (2018). Prognostic Factors and Predictive Tools in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma. In: Eshghi, M. (eds) Urothelial Malignancies of the Upper Urinary Tract. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51263-1_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51263-1_2

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-51261-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-51263-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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