Abstract
Peritonitis remains the most common and most significant complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in children. Although many PD patients experience none or only one peritonitis episode over their “lifetime” of PD treatment, it is in those patients who have repeated episodes of peritonitis that additional morbidity is most likely to occur. This chapter reviews information on peritonitis episodes that have occurred within 4 weeks of completion of the therapy of a previous peritonitis infection, so-called recurrent and relapsing peritonitis episodes. We will, in turn, present real-life cases to highlight the clinical issues that are commonly encountered by clinicians treating these infections.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Warady BA, Bakkaloglu S, Newland J, Cantwell M, Verrina E, Neu A, Chadha V, Yap HK, Schaefer F. Consensus guidelines for the prevention and treatment of catheter-related infections and peritonitis in pediatric patients receiving peritoneal dialysis: 2012 update. Perit Dial Int. 2012;32(Suppl 2):S32–86.
Bakkaloglu SA, Warady BA. Difficult peritonitis cases in children undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis: relapsing, repeat, recurrent and zoonotic episodes. Pediatr Nephrol. 2015;30:1397–406.
Lane JC, Warady BA, Feneberg R, Majkowski NL, Watson AR, Fischbach M, Kang HG, Bonzel KE, Simkova E, Stefanidis CJ, Klaus G, Alexander SR, Ekim M, Bilge I, Schaefer F, International Pediatric Peritonitis Registry. Relapsing peritonitis in children who undergo chronic peritoneal dialysis: a prospective study of the international pediatric peritonitis registry. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010;5:1041–6.
Schaefer F, Feneberg R, Aksu N, Donmez O, Sadikoglu B, Alexander SR, Mir S, Ha IS, Fischbach M, Simkova E, Watson AR, Möller K, von Baum H, Warady BA. Worldwide variation of dialysis associated peritonitis in children. Kidney Int. 2007;72:1374–9.
Szeto CC, Kwan BC, Chow KM, Law MC, Pang WF, Leung CB, Li PK. Repeat peritontis in peritoneal dialysis: retrospective review of 181 consecutive cases. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;6:827–33.
Szeto CC, Lai KB, Kwan BC, Chow KM, Leung CB, Law MC, Yu V, Li PK. Bacteria-derived DNA fragment in peritoneal dialysis effluent as a predictor of relapsing peritonitis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013;8:1935–41.
Szeto CC, Kwan BC, Chow KM, Law MC, Pang WF, Chung KY, Leung CB, Li PK. Recurrent and relapsing peritonitis: causative organisms and response to treatment. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;54:702–10.
Burke M, Hawley CM, Badve SV, McDonald SP, Brown FG, Boudville N, Wiggins KJ, Bannister KM, Johnson DW. Relapsing and recurrent peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis: a multicenter registry study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011;58:429–36.
Li PK, Szeto CC, Piraino B, de Arteaga J, Fan S, Figueiredo AE, Fish DN, Goffin E, Kim YL, Salzer W, Struijk DG, Teitelbaum I, Johnson DW. ISPD peritonitis recommendations: 2016 update on prevention and treatment. Perit Dial Int 2016;9:481–508.
Bhattacharyya S, Darby RR, Raibagkar P, Gonzalez Castro LN, Berkowitz AL. Antibiotic associated encephalopathy. Neurology. 2016;86:963–71.
Neu HC. Safety of cefepime: a new extended-spectrum parenteral cephalosporin. Am J Med. 1996;100(Suppl 6A):S68–75.
Chow KM, Szeto CC, Hui AC, Wong TY, Li PK. Retrospective review of neurotoxicity induced by cefepime and ceftazidime. Pharmacotherapy. 2003;23:369–73.
Honore PM, Shapen HD. Cefepime-induced neurotoxicity in critically ill patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy: beware of dose reduction! Crit Care. 2015;19:455.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bakkaloglu, S.A. (2017). Relapsing and Recurrent Peritonitis. In: Warady, B., Schaefer, F., Alexander, S. (eds) Pediatric Dialysis Case Studies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55147-0_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55147-0_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-55145-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-55147-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)