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Links Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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Nutrition and Diet in Maternal Diabetes

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

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Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) appear to be interrelated, although they are distinct entities. Women with PCOS are commonly affected by GDM while even women with GDM may show reproductive or endocrine features of PCOS. These commonalities on clinical grounds seem to be attributed, at least partly, to an interrelated pathophysiological background which is linked with insulin resistance. Both PCOS and GDM are conditions with a metabolic impact on the reproductive period of a woman's life and with potential adverse effects on their offsprings. Many of the long-term consequences are overlapping for the two entities and the cornerstone of the therapeutic approach for both GDM and PCOS is life-style modification. This review presents the links between PCOS and GDM in epidemiology, pathophysiology, short- and long-term consequences for the mother and the offspring as well as the common treatment modalities.

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Abbreviations

ADA:

American diabetes association

AE:

Androgen excess

AGEs:

Advanced glycation end products

ASRM:

American society for reproductive medicine

BMI:

Body mass index

BPA:

Bisphenol A

CS:

Caesarean section

DHEAS:

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate

DIP:

Diabetes in pregnancy

EASD:

European association for the study of diabetes

ESHRE:

European society of human reproduction and embryology

FSH:

Follicle-stimulating hormone

GDM:

Gestational diabetes mellitus

GnRH:

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

HAPO:

Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcome

hPL:

Human placental lactogen

IADPSG:

International association of the diabetes and pregnancy study groups

ICAM:

Intercellular adhesion molecule

IFNγ:

Interferon gamma

IL-6:

Interleucin-6

IOM:

Institute of medicine

Kcal:

Kilocalories

Kg:

Kilos

LH:

Luteinizing hormone

LGA:

Large for gestational age

MiG:

Metformin in gestation (trial)

Min:

Minutes

NAFLD:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

NICU:

Neonatal intensive care unit

NIH:

National Institute of Health

OGTT:

Oral glucose tolerance test

PCOS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome

PE:

Preeclampsia

RCT:

Randomized controlled trial

SHBG:

Sex-hormone binding globulin

TNF:

Tumour necrosis factor

VCAM:

Vascular cell adhesion molecule

WHO:

World health association

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden

    Anastasia Trouva

  2. Center for Clinical Research Sörmland, Uppsala University, Eskilstuna, Sweden

    Anastasia Trouva

  3. Department of Endocrinology and Center of Excellence in Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Athens Euroclinic, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece

    Evanthia Diamanti Kandarakis

  4. Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center of Excellence, EUROCLINIC, 9 Athanasiadou Str, 11521, Athens, Greece

    Evanthia Diamanti Kandarakis

Authors
  1. Anastasia Trouva
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  2. Evanthia Diamanti Kandarakis
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Correspondence to Anastasia Trouva .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

    Rajkumar Rajendram

  2. Department of Nutrition, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

  3. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

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Trouva, A., Diamanti Kandarakis, E. (2018). Links Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. In: Rajendram, R., Preedy, V., Patel, V. (eds) Nutrition and Diet in Maternal Diabetes. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56440-1_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56440-1_16

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