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Adaptive Governance (Management, Co-management and Anticipatory)

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Adaptive Governance of Disaster

Part of the book series: Water Governance - Concepts, Methods, and Practice ((WGCMP))

Abstract

This chapter explores and unites literature surrounding adaptive governance. First, the particularities of governance, in particular adaptive governance, are evaluated (see Sect. 2.2). Building on why adaptive governance best addresses - the problem of d&f in relation to agricultural producers (see Sects. 1.3.2 and 2.2), this chapter examines: How has adaptive governance evolved (see Sect. 2.3.2)? How do the adaptive governance, adaptive management, adaptive co-management and anticipatory governance literatures relate (see Sect. 2.3.3)? What are the key gaps in the literature of adaptive governance in relation to climate change and extreme events (see Sect. 2.3.4) and how can these gaps be filled (see Sect. 2.4)? This chapter takes an ideal-typical approach to defining the above terms; in fact authors of each term (adaptive management, adaptive co-management and anticipatory governance) often stretch these to take new elements into account, thus creating confusion about the breadth of each of these terms.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Resilience is the persistence or robustness of a system in the face of disturbance or shocks and understanding how communities can innovate in the face of complex, fast or slow changes, drawing on institutional memory and their ability to self-organize, recombine structures and processes, renew systems and find new ways (Folke 2006).

  2. 2.

    Management is conceptually different than governance. Management refers to “the processes of decision making, coordination and resource deployment that occur within a given institutional setting assuming no change in rules and norms” (Hatfield-Dodds et al. 2007: 3).

  3. 3.

    Although earlier articulations occur in Beverton and Holt (1957) who described adaptive decision making in fisheries, without referring to it as adaptive management.

  4. 4.

    However, with the increased emphasis on stakeholder involvement within the iterative review process, adaptive management becomes conceptualized as a polycentric style of governance that doesn’t have a single center (Foxon et al. 2009). Thus adaptive management becomes synonymous with adaptive governance. Bertha (2014) clearly distinguishes adaptive management from collaborative adaptive management and the inclusion of stakeholders.

  5. 5.

    Several scholars have used the term ‘anticipatory’ in relation to policies, without defining it (Lebel et al. 2010; Hertin and Berkhout 2002).

  6. 6.

    There is overlap between the adaptive management and adaptive governance literatures. First, the literature slips from utilizing the term ‘adaptive management’ into ‘adaptive governance’ without acknowledging the difference (Lee 1993; McLain and Lee 1996). For instance Booher and Innis (2010: 35) seemingly use the terms interchangeably and in the end these authors arrive at a form of collaborative governance. Pahl-Wostl uses a framework of transitioning to adaptive management as a means of achieving adaptive governance (2010: 512). Several authors use the term adaptive management but employ a methodology of adaptive governance (Eakin et al. 2011).

  7. 7.

    A policy is specifically defined as a “course of action or principle adopted or proposed by a government, party business or individual” (OECD 2012: n.p.).

  8. 8.

    The risk management literature does envision post disaster reviews of preparedness and response plans (Henstra 2011), a form of learning.

  9. 9.

    Termed hazard research by some (Funfgeld and McEvoy 2011) and often used interchangeably with disaster risk reduction (Moser 2009).

  10. 10.

    Note that the terminology of dimensions of adaptive governance and the content of these principles are by no means consistent. Some authors term them ‘evaluative criteria’ (Ostrom 2011) or even ‘elements’ of adaptive institutions (Mollenkamp and Kastens 2009). This book uses the adaptive capacity dimensions of Gupta et al. (2010: 5). The discussion in some cases is generic and applies to institutions in general (Gupta et al. 2010; Gunderson and Holling 2002; Olsson et al. 2006) and in other cases to specific institutional systems such as water governance (Mollenkamp and Kastens 2009; Huntjens et al. 2012).

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  1. Johnson-Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada

    Margot A. Hurlbert

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  1. Margot A. Hurlbert
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Hurlbert, M.A. (2018). Adaptive Governance (Management, Co-management and Anticipatory). In: Adaptive Governance of Disaster. Water Governance - Concepts, Methods, and Practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57801-9_2

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