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Mechanical Ventilation

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Basic Sciences in Anesthesia

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Abstract

Mechanical ventilation is a common occurrence in the both the operating room and intensive care units worldwide. Often the goal is only to facilitate a patient undergoing major surgery, and other times it is to prevent life-threatening deterioration. It needs to be remembered that mechanical ventilation is a supportive therapy and it almost never treats the underlying disease process. With this sentiment in mind, much of the focus of positive pressure ventilation is aimed at preventing its negative effects such as lung injury, infection, and hypotension. There are numerous ways that mechanical ventilation may damage the body. The various types of lung damage caused by ventilators are collectively known as ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Specific examples of VILI include causing parenchymal air leaks, also known as barotrauma, and diffuse alveolar over-distension that causes a volutrauma injury to the lung. Another mechanism of injury is due to the cyclic opening and closing of the alveoli, and this is termed atelectrauma.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Aaron J. Douglas

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  1. Aaron J. Douglas
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Correspondence to Aaron J. Douglas .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of General Anesthesia and Outcomes Research, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Ehab Farag

  2. Center for Anesthesiology Education, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Maged Argalious

  3. Department of General Anesthesia, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

    John E. Tetzlaff

  4. Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Deepak Sharma

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© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

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Douglas, A.J. (2018). Mechanical Ventilation. In: Farag, E., Argalious, M., Tetzlaff, J.E., Sharma, D. (eds) Basic Sciences in Anesthesia. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62067-1_37

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62067-1_37

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-62065-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-62067-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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