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Fonsecaea and Chromoblastomycosis

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Current Progress in Medical Mycology

Abstract

Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues caused by traumatic inoculation of a specific group of melanized fungi, with species of Fonsecaea and Cladophialophora as prevalent etiological agents. Chromoblastomycosis has a global distribution, particularly in tropical and subtropical rural areas. Fonsecaea spp. are prevalent in humid tropical climates, whereas Cladophialophora is found under arid conditions. The disease is difficult to treat due to its recalcitrant nature, which may lead to severe clinical forms with high morbidity, even leading to neoplastic transformation. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on Fonsecaea and chromoblastomycosis, including the taxonomy of Fonsecaea, pathogenic potentials of species, their epidemiology, and clinical manifestations. Notes on diagnostics and therapeutic options are provided.

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Acknowledgments

Sarah Abdallah Ahmed is thanked for preparing the photoplates of Fonsecaea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China

    Peiying Feng Ph.D.

  2. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    G. S. de Hoog Ph.D.

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Correspondence to Peiying Feng Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

    Héctor M. Mora-Montes

  2. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Leila M. Lopes-Bezerra

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Feng, P., de Hoog, G.S. (2017). Fonsecaea and Chromoblastomycosis. In: Mora-Montes, H., Lopes-Bezerra, L. (eds) Current Progress in Medical Mycology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64113-3_11

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