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Torture and Sequels to Persecution: A Global Challenge

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Advances in Psychiatry

Abstract

Political persecution, torture, war and civil war are a growing problem, contributing also significantly to the present international refugee crises. The severe long-term impact on social systems, physical and especially psychological health, which can even become transgenerational, has been well documented. Violence in this context can be seen as the probably most significant global risk factor in mental health. Addressing prevention, support, treatment and long-term rehabilitation requires an interdisciplinary effort and close collaboration between health-care, legal and other experts, as well as of international organisations and UN bodies. The increasing importance of transcultural factors is of special relevance in the development of programmes in war areas and for displaced populations. Protection for vulnerable groups and human rights standards must be supported in different settings including asylum procedures.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    http://www.wma.net/en/20activities/10ethics/20tokyo/.

  2. 2.

    The protocol is available on the website of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/training8Rev1en.pdf accessed 20.12.2016.

  3. 3.

    https://www.freedomfromtorture.org/sites/default/files/documents/Blackwell-Testimony%20.pdf.

  4. 4.

    https://www.unicef.org/.../SILENT_HARM_Eng_Web.pdf accessed 25.12.2016.

  5. 5.

    http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/298196/Stepping-up-action-on-refugee-migrant-health.pdf accessed 2.2.2017.

  6. 6.

    See, for example, the Declaration of Tokyo and the WMA Handbook of Ethics. www.wma.net/en/30publications/30ethicsmanual/pdf/ethics_manual_en.pdf, accessed 25.12.2016.

  7. 7.

    http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/h31/.

  8. 8.

    See statement at http://www.wma.net/en/40news/20archives/2016/2016_14/ accessed 20.12.2016.

  9. 9.

    4.12.2000 as part of Resolution A/RES/55/89.

  10. 10.

    See www.irct.org accessed 20.10.2016.

  11. 11.

    http://www.istanbulprotocol.info/index.php/de/ accessed 20.10.2016.

  12. 12.

    See www.istanbulprotocol.info.

  13. 13.

    www.corteidh.or.cr/docs/casos/articulos/seriec_160_ing.pdf accessed 1.2.2017.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section on Psychological Aspects of Torture and Persecution, World Psychiatric Association, Geneva, Switzerland

    Thomas Wenzel

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Social Psychiatry, Wellcome Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Thomas Wenzel

  3. Department of Learning, Informatcis, Management and Ethics (LIME), Cultural Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Solvig Ekblad

  4. Consultant, Frederiksberg, Denmark

    Marianne Kastrup

  5. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Mulago Hospital, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda

    Seggane Musisi

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  1. Thomas Wenzel
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  2. Solvig Ekblad
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  3. Marianne Kastrup
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  4. Seggane Musisi
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Correspondence to Thomas Wenzel .

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  1. The Medical Centre, Nuneaton, United Kingdom

    Afzal Javed

  2. Division of Neuroscience Medicine, Aristotle University, Division of Neuroscience Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Kostas N. Fountoulakis

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Wenzel, T., Ekblad, S., Kastrup, M., Musisi, S. (2019). Torture and Sequels to Persecution: A Global Challenge. In: Javed, A., Fountoulakis, K. (eds) Advances in Psychiatry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70554-5_25

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