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Value-Added Products from Wastes Using Extremophiles in Biorefineries: Process Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization Tools

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Extremophilic Microbial Processing of Lignocellulosic Feedstocks to Biofuels, Value-Added Products, and Usable Power

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of value-added production using extremophiles as well as the advantages and challenges for process development in a biorefinery concept. The chapter then shows a modeling framework that includes metabolic flux modeling, growth kinetics, and bioreactor models as well as process simulation. The model results are the basis for optimization, economic analysis, and life cycle assessment. The tools are applied to the production of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) by using the halophilic bacteria Halomonas sp. The results highlighted the importance of relating models at the various scales and to look at the whole process picture to optimize the economic and environmental performances of the resulting biorefinery process. In the optimized process, the minimum PHB selling price was $7.05 per kg and the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions was 90%, with 0.708 kg CO-eq per kg of PHB. These results showed the potential for using halophilic bacteria to make PHB production competitive in terms of economics and environmental impacts. This also shows how extremophile processing will play a key role in making biorefineries more profitable and sustainable.

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Abbreviations

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

CHP:

Combined heat and power

CSTR:

Continuously stirred tank reactor

GHG:

Greenhouse gas

GWP:

Global warming potential

LCA:

Life cycle assessment

MFA:

Metabolic flux analysis

NADH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

NADPH:

Nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate

PHB:

Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate

PLA:

Polylactic acid

SDS:

Sodium dodecyl sulfonate

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Acknowledgements

Financial support provided by the National Science Foundation in the form of BuG ReMeDEE initiative (Award # 1736255) is gratefully acknowledged by the editors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomass Conversion Division, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Mexico City, Mexico

    Elias Martinez-Hernandez, Myriam A. Amezcua Allieri & Jorge A. Aburto Anell

  2. Centre for Environmental Strategy, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK

    Kok Siew Ng & Jhuma Sadhukhan

Authors
  1. Elias Martinez-Hernandez
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  2. Kok Siew Ng
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  3. Myriam A. Amezcua Allieri
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  4. Jorge A. Aburto Anell
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  5. Jhuma Sadhukhan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Elias Martinez-Hernandez .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota, USA

    Rajesh K. Sani

  2. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota, USA

    Navanietha Krishnaraj Rathinam

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Martinez-Hernandez, E., Ng, K.S., Amezcua Allieri, M.A., Aburto Anell, J.A., Sadhukhan, J. (2018). Value-Added Products from Wastes Using Extremophiles in Biorefineries: Process Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization Tools. In: Sani, R., Krishnaraj Rathinam, N. (eds) Extremophilic Microbial Processing of Lignocellulosic Feedstocks to Biofuels, Value-Added Products, and Usable Power. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74459-9_14

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